Low-temperature-resistant aqueous nickel-iron battery

A nickel-iron battery, low temperature resistant technology, applied in nickel batteries, battery electrodes, water-based electrolytes, etc., can solve the problems of harsh use conditions, cumbersome configuration process, short cycle life, etc., to achieve high safety, high Coulomb efficiency, The effect of maintaining specific capacity

Pending Publication Date: 2022-03-11
SOUTHWEST UNIV
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  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

This kind of electrolyte system often contains one or more organic additives, the composition is relatively complex, the configuration process is cumbersome, the use conditions are harsh, and it is difficult to industrialize
In addition, the zinc anode has many problems such as serious dendrite growth and short cycle life.

Method used

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  • Low-temperature-resistant aqueous nickel-iron battery
  • Low-temperature-resistant aqueous nickel-iron battery
  • Low-temperature-resistant aqueous nickel-iron battery

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0025] Example 1 Research on configuration and related physical properties of low temperature resistant potassium hydroxide aqueous electrolyte

[0026] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a low-temperature-resistant aqueous electrolyte, the main component of which is an aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide. By adjusting the concentration of potassium hydroxide in water, performance parameters such as the freezing point, conductivity, and viscosity of the solution can be changed. After investigation, when the concentration of potassium hydroxide is in the range of 5-15 mol / L, the electrolyte can exhibit excellent low temperature resistance characteristics. Such as figure 1 shown at -40 o Under the low temperature environment of C, the potassium hydroxide solution of specific concentration still keeps liquid state. The freezing point of the solution was detected by differential scanning calorimeter (the results were as follows figure 2 a) and control the con...

Embodiment 2

[0027] Example 2 Schematic diagram of electrochemical performance of foam iron electrode in potassium hydroxide aqueous electrolyte under low temperature environment

[0028] The commercial iron foam was cut and cleaned with pickling, and it was directly used as the negative electrode. In the potassium hydroxide aqueous solution with appropriate concentration, the electrochemical performance of the iron negative electrode was tested with a three-electrode system. Among them, iron foam is used as the working electrode and reference electrode respectively, and platinum wire is used as the counter electrode. The test temperature is 25°C and -40°C at room temperature. The test results are as image 3 shown. We conduct constant current charge and discharge tests on foam iron, such as image 3 As shown in a, the discharge platform is obvious at 0.5 mA / cm 2 Under the discharge rate, the electrode is at -40 o C discharge capacity up to 25 o 71.9% of C capacity; at 10 mA / cm 2 Unde...

Embodiment 3

[0029]Schematic diagram of the electrochemical performance of nickel-iron aqueous battery under the low temperature environment of embodiment 3

[0030] The nickel oxide / carbon composite material is used as the positive electrode, the foam iron after pickling and cleaning is used as the negative electrode, the potassium hydroxide solution of the above-mentioned suitable concentration is used as the electrolyte, and the glass fiber is used as the diaphragm, which is thermally encapsulated in a polyethylene film and assembled into a complete Battery. The electrochemical performance of this battery is tested, and the test temperature is normal temperature 25 o C, -20 o C and -40 o C, the test results are as follows Figure 4 shown. We conduct constant current charge and discharge tests on full batteries, such as Figure 4 As shown in a, at 1 mA / cm 2 at a discharge rate of -20 o C discharge capacity up to 25 o 57.9% of C capacity; -40 o The discharge capacity of C can sti...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a low-temperature-resistant aqueous nickel-iron battery which comprises a nickel oxide / carbon composite film positive electrode, a foam iron negative electrode and an anti-freezing electrolyte, and belongs to the technical field of batteries. Wherein the electrolyte is a potassium hydroxide aqueous solution with proper concentration. By regulating and controlling the concentration ratio of the strong-polarity potassium hydroxide electrolyte in the solution, an original hydrogen bond network and a solvation structure of ions in a solvent are broken, the freezing point of the electrolyte can be remarkably reduced (the freezing temperature limit is as low as-112 DEG C), and excellent ionic conductivity and reversible electrochemical reaction characteristics of the electrolyte under the low-temperature condition are ensured; therefore, the construction of the high-performance low-temperature-resistant nickel-iron battery is realized. The full battery device is simple in manufacturing process, low in cost and excellent in safety performance, has good low-temperature charging and discharging performance, and has potential application prospects in the fields of large-scale energy storage and special military use.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of batteries, and in particular relates to a low-temperature-resistant aqueous nickel-iron battery. Background technique [0002] Low-temperature energy storage batteries are crucial to the development of human polar activities, aviation exploration and military navigation. However, it is difficult for existing commercial lithium-ion batteries to maintain normal operation under extreme temperature conditions: the traditional graphite negative electrode will experience a large capacity decline below 0°C, and it will basically stop working below -20°C; However, it will also suffer from severe constraints on electrochemical reaction kinetics, such as a significant decrease in electrodeposition / stripping ability and cycle life. One of the root causes of these problems is the deterioration of the ion conductivity of the electrolyte in a low temperature environment. In recent years, researchers have conducted a ...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01M10/30H01M10/26H01M4/24
CPCH01M10/30H01M10/26H01M4/248H01M2300/0014H01M2004/027Y02E60/10
Inventor 朱建慧柴世波蒋建
Owner SOUTHWEST UNIV
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