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Layered arrangements of lithium cells

A battery and stack technology, applied in the field of negative electrodes, can solve the problem of lack of effective mechanism to protect lithium negative electrodes

Inactive Publication Date: 2003-04-30
POLYPLUS BATTERY CO INC
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0009] Due to the above reasons, lithium metal battery technology still lacks an effective mechanism to protect the lithium anode

Method used

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  • Layered arrangements of lithium cells
  • Layered arrangements of lithium cells
  • Layered arrangements of lithium cells

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0138] LiPON / Kynar / PET samples were bonded on lithium foil. First, Kynar is pressed onto a PET carrier. A LiPON barrier layer was then sputtered on top of the Kynar layer. The thicknesses of the resulting LiPON, Kynar, and PET were about 200 nm, 4 µm, and 25 µm, respectively. The sample was transferred to an argon-filled glove box. Lithium foil with a thickness of 125 μm purchased from Argo-Tech (Canada) was pressed onto a stainless steel current collector and then merged with the LiPON / Kynar / PET structure so that the lithium and LiPON surfaces were in contact with each other. The above membranes were placed between two glass plates, clamped, and stored at room temperature for about two days. After preservation, the structure is loosened and converted into a PET layer on top. Then try peeling off the PET layer with tweezers. Because of the minimal adhesion between LiPON and lithium, it is difficult to peel off the PET support while maintaining the contact between LiPON an...

Embodiment 2

[0140] A thin aluminum film approximately 150 nanometers (0.15 microns) thick was evaporated onto a LiPON / Kynar / PET sample prepared as described in Example 1. The resulting sample was transferred to an argon-filled glove box. Lithium foils purchased from Argo-Tech (Canada) with a thickness of 125 μm were pressed onto stainless steel current collectors and then merged with Al / LiPON / Kynar / PET structures so that the lithium and aluminum surfaces were in contact with each other. The above membrane was placed between two glass plates, clamped, and stored at room temperature. The formation of lithium-aluminum alloys can be monitored through transparent PET / Kynar / LiPON samples. Because the light reflectance of the smooth aluminum layer is very high, while the light reflectance of the LiAl alloy is much lower, a decrease in reflectance corresponding to the alloy formation is observed. The formation of a low-reflectance gray lithium-aluminum alloy was then immediately observed, and a...

Embodiment 3

[0142] Except for bonding at room temperature for 1 hour, other steps are the same as in Example 2. No further storage at 55°C. Thus, the bonding procedure was the same as that of Example 1, except that no aluminum bonding layer was used. The resulting adhesion was not as good as Example 2, but much better than Example 1 (no aluminum).

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Abstract

A method employing a bonding layer is used to form active metal electrodes having barrier layers. Active metals such as lithium are highly reactive in ambient conditions. The method involves fabricating a lithium electrode or other active metal electrode without depositing the barrier layer on a layer of metal. Rather a smooth barrier layer is formed on a smooth substrate such as a web carrier or polymeric electrolyte. A bonding or alloying layer is formed on top of the barrier layer. Lithium or other active material is then attached to the bonding layer to form the active metal electrode. A current collector may also be attached to the lithium or active metal during the process.

Description

Background of the invention [0001] The present invention relates to negative electrodes used in batteries (such as lithium electrodes used in lithium-sulfur batteries). More specifically, the present invention relates to the preparation of alkali metal electrodes with thin barrier layers. [0002] In theory, certain alkali metal electrodes could provide very high energy density batteries. Lithium becomes particularly suitable as a battery electrode element due to its low equivalent weight. Lithium provides more energy per volume than conventional battery standards, nickel and cadmium. Regrettably, few rechargeable lithium metal batteries have found success in the market. Lithium metal battery technology has not yet reached its potential. [0003] Rechargeable lithium metal batteries fail mainly because of battery cycling problems. During repeated charge and discharge cycles, lithium "dendrites" gradually grow from the lithium metal electrode, pass through the electrolyte,...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): H01M4/13H01M4/66H01M6/40H01M10/05
CPCH01M4/0411H01M4/0426H01M10/05H01M4/66H01M6/40H01M4/0404H01M4/043H01M4/0428Y02E60/122H01M4/0495H01M4/0402H01M4/0421H01M4/13H01M4/0407H01M4/04Y02E60/10Y10T29/49108Y10T29/49114H01M4/1395
Inventor M·Y·楚S·J·维斯科L·德琼赫
Owner POLYPLUS BATTERY CO INC
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