Robust nontoxic antifouling elastomers

a non-toxic, anti-fouling technology, applied in the direction of biocides, synthetic resin layered products, transportation and packaging, etc., can solve the problems of increasing fuel consumption, hydrodynamic drag, complex problems that any useful anti-fouling coating must overcome, etc., to reduce the amount of polyol, reduce the modulus of elasticity, and low surface energy

Inactive Publication Date: 2003-06-19
THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AS REPRESENTED BY THE SECRETARY OF THE NAVY
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

0029] To discourage fouling of the coating, i.e., the fluorinated polyurethane elastomer, in dry or wet form, the coating should have a surface energy of 15-30 milli J/m.sup.2, preferably 20-29 m J/m.sup.2, and more preferably 25-27 m J/m.sup.2 ; and Young's elastic modulus of 2-15 MPa, preferably 2-10 MPa, and more preferably 3-7 MPa. Both surface energy and the modulus of elasticity correlate with the performance of the coating as foul-resistant and release of fouling with toughness

Problems solved by technology

The diversity of these organisms and the environments in which they live create complex problems that any useful antifouling coating must overcome.
The problem is most acute for ships because fouling organisms add weight and hydrodynamic drag, increase fuel consumption, speed up corrosion of the hull, and decrease speed, range and maneuverability.
However, these compounds persist in water and cause deformation in many kinds of sea life.
However, every nontoxic coating put into water fouls.
Therefore, because one cannot as yet completely stop settlement on nontoxic coatings, the

Method used

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  • Robust nontoxic antifouling elastomers

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

example 2

[0064] This is an example that did not work because both its modulus and fluorine content were too high.

3 Part A Fluorobase Z, 60% w / w solution in nBuOAc 23 g (viscosity of 200 cP at 20.degree. C.) Part B Fluorobase C, 50% w / w solution in nBuOAc 10.9 g (viscosity of 80 cP at 25.degree. C.) Trimethylol propane propoxylate, MW.sub.wt 308 0.4 g DBTDL catalyst 0.1 g

[0065] This had a NCO / OH ratio of 1.2, surface energy of 11.1 mJ / m.sup.2, an elastic modulus of 1420, and a fluorine content of 38%. Cleaning required scraping with a metal or plastic tool, and some fouling could not be removed.

example 3

[0066] This is an example that did not work simply because it's fluorine content was too high.

4 Part A Fluorobase Z, 60% w / w solution in nBuOAc 23 g viscosity of 200 cP at 20.degree. C. Part B Propylene glycol, 80 cP at 25.degree. C., MW of 425 2.5 g Trimethylol propane propoxylate, MW 308 0.4 g DBTDL catalyst 0.06 g

[0067] This had a NCO / OH ratio of 1.2, surface energy of 9.1 mJ / m.sup.2, an elastic modulus of 2.9 Mpa, and a fluorine content of 36%. Cleaning required moderate effort with a sponge or cloth, and a small amount of fouling could not be removed.

example 4

[0068] This is an example that did not work simply because it's modulus was too high.

5 Part A Polypropylene oxide , toluene diisocyanate terminated, 9.6 g MW of about 1000, viscosity of 12,500 cP at 40.degree. C., and containing 8.4 weight % isocyanate Part B Fluorobase C., 50% w / w solution in nBuOAc 10.9 g Trimethylol propane propoxylate, MW 308 0.4 g

[0069] DBTDL catalyst 0.05 g

[0070] This had a NCO / OH ratio of 1.2, surface energy of 29.5 mJ / m.sup.2, an elastic modulus of 18 MPa, and a fluorine content of 9%. Cleaning required scraping with a metal or plastic tool, and all fouling could be removed.

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Abstract

The invention herein pertains to a method for reducing adhesion of marine organisms to a substrate and an article that is a substrate having thereon a solid coating of a fluorinated polyurethane elastomer. The elastomer is tough and has antifouling and release properties in reference to marine organisms. The method includes the steps of providing a liquid mixture of the fluorinated polyurethane elastomer, applying the elastomer mixture to said substrate, and curing the elastomer mixture to a solid coating of the fluorinated polyurethane elastomer, the elastomer having surface energy (which is a function of fluorine content) of 15-30 milli J/m2, Young's modulus of elasticity of 2-15 MPa, and fluorine content of 3-25%.

Description

[0001] 1. Field of the Invention[0002] This invention relates to a fluorinated polyurethane elastomer disposed on a substrate and to a process for its preparation and application, which elastomer can be used as a tough coating on a water craft with antifouling and release properties relative to marine organisms.[0003] 2. Background and Prior Art Description[0004] All surfaces made by humans and immersed in water, particularly seawater, become covered with marine organisms. The diversity of these organisms and the environments in which they live create complex problems that any useful antifouling coating must overcome. The problem is most acute for ships because fouling organisms add weight and hydrodynamic drag, increase fuel consumption, speed up corrosion of the hull, and decrease speed, range and maneuverability.[0005] To prevent the formation of a fouling layer, antifouling paints typically incorporate compounds which are toxic at low concentrations to most forms of fouling. How...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): C08G18/10C08G18/50C09D5/16C09D175/04
CPCC08G18/10C08G18/5015C09D5/1637C09D5/1662C09D175/04C08G18/50Y10T428/31551
Inventor BRADY, ROBERT F. JR.
Owner THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AS REPRESENTED BY THE SECRETARY OF THE NAVY
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