Methods for treating diabetes

a diabetes and treatment method technology, applied in the field of diabetes treatment methods, can solve the problems of blindness, renal failure, amputation of the lower limb, major risk factors for cardiovascular disease and stroke,

Inactive Publication Date: 2006-06-08
STRASSMANN GIDEON +2
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

[0007] The present invention provides a method of treating diabetes and related diseases, such as obesity, by administering to a subject an inhibitor of GDF-8. Suitable inhibitors of GDF-8 which can be employed in the methods of the invention include, but are not limited to, GDF-8 peptides (e.g., derived from the pro-domain), GDF-8 dominant-negative mutants, antibodies and antibody fragments which bind to GDF-8 (or the receptor for GDF-8) and inhibit GDF-8 binding to its receptor, GDF-8 receptor peptide antagonisists, antisense nucleic acids directed against GDF-8 mRNA and anti-GDF-8 ribozymes.

Problems solved by technology

Diabetes is the leading cause of blindness, renal failure, and lower limb amputations in adults and is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease and stroke.

Method used

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  • Methods for treating diabetes
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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

example 1

Effect of GDF-8 Knockout on GLUT4 Protein Expression in Muscle Cells

[0095] To assess the impact on protein expression of the muscle cell glucose transporter, GLUT4, of knocking out natural GDF-8 expression, samples of various muscles were taken from both wild-type and GDF-8 knockout mice. Muscle samples were fixed in 10% (v / v) neutral buffered formaldehyde (StatLab, Lewisville, Tex.) for 8 hours at room temperature followed by embedding in Paraplast® X-tra tissue-embedding medium (Oxford Labware, St. Louis, Mo.). Cross sections of mouse muscle samples were prepared. Slides were preheated in an oven at 60° C. for at least 30 min prior to GLUT4 immunodetection. Paraffin sections were deparaffinzed in xylene three times, 5 min each. Sections were rehydrated and then blocked with 20% normal goat serum (Vector, Burlingame, Calif.) in “Antibody Diluent” (DAKO, Carpinteria, Calif.) for 20 minutes. Sections were incubated with rabbit anti-GLUT4 (Alpha Diagnostic International, San Antonio...

example 2

Effect of GDF-8 Administration on GLUT4 Protein Expression in Muscle Cells

[0097] The following study was performed to assess the converse of what was found in Example 1, i.e., whether exogenous GDF-8 represses the expression of GLUT4 in muscle cells (as predicted from Example 1), and also whether administration of GDF-8 can counteract the effects of the GLUT4 stimulator, insulin.

[0098] Mice were randomized to receive either an intramuscular (gastrcenemius muscle) injection of fifty microliters, containing 5 micrograms of recombinant human GDF-8 (in buffer containing 20 mM NaPO4, 150 mM NaCl, 0.1 mg / ml BSA, pH 6.5), or buffer alone. Twenty minutes later mice received an intraperitoneal injection of either porcine insulin purchased from Sigma Chemicals, St. Louis, Mo. (13 Units / kg in 0.1 ml of the same buffer used above but at pH 7.0), or buffer alone. One hour after insulin administration the animals were sacrificed and samples of the injected muscle were removed.

[0099] As shown ...

example 3

Effect of GDF-8-Expressing CHO Cell Tumors in Nude Mice

[0100] The results from the preceding Examples indicate that GDF-8 plays an important role in the regulation of GLUT4 protein expression in muscle cells. To further examine the role of GDF-8 in the regulation of overall glucose metabolism in vivo, a Chinese Hamster Ovarian (CHO) tumor cell line producing human GDF-8 (hGDF-8) was injected into nude mice to form a tumor expressing GDF-8. This CHO tumor cell injection approach has been used as a model for determining the effects of various gene products in vivo (Black et al., Endocrinology 123:2657-2659 (1991)).

[0101] CHO cells expressing hGDF-8 were cultured in alpha medium with 0.1 micromolar methotrexate and 1 mg / ml G418, while the control CHO cells (containing an empty expression vector) were cultured in alpha medium with 0.1 micromolar methotrexate. The cells were harvested by trypsinization and resuspended in PBS at a concentration of 2×107 cells / ml. A subcutaneous injecti...

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Abstract

Methods for treating diabetes by administering an inhibitor of GDF-8, or a related member of Transforming Growth Factor-beta (TGF-β) superfamily of structurally-related growth factors (e.g., GDF-11) are disclosed. Also disclosed are methods for upregulating expression of hexose transporters, such as GLUT4 and GLUT1, in a subject by administering an inhibitor of GDF-8. Also disclosed are methods for increasing glucose uptake by cells in a subject, by administering an inhibitor of GDF-8.

Description

RELATED APPLICATIONS [0001] This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 60 / 084,490, filed May 6, 1998, and is a continutation of U.S. application Ser. No. 09 / 988,835, filed Nov. 19, 2001 which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 09 / 305,989, filed May 6, 1999 the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference herein.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0002] Diabetes mellitus is the most common metabolic disease worldwide. Every day, 1700 new cases of diabetes are diagnosed in the United States, and at least one-third of the 16 million Americans with diabetes are unaware of it. Diabetes is the leading cause of blindness, renal failure, and lower limb amputations in adults and is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease and stroke. [0003] Normal glucose homeostasis requires the finely tuned orchestration of insulin secretion by pancreatic beta cells in response to subtle changes in blood glucose levels, delicately balanced with secretio...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(United States)
IPC IPC(8): A61K48/00A61K39/395A61K38/18A61K45/00A61K31/70A61K38/00A61K38/22A61P3/10A61P43/00C07K16/22
CPCA61K2039/505C07K16/18C07K16/22A61K38/1841Y10S514/866A61K38/18A61P43/00A61P5/50A61P7/12A61P3/10C07K16/30C07K2317/76
Inventor STRASSMANN, GIDEONLIANG, LI-FANGTOPOUZIS, STAVROS
Owner STRASSMANN GIDEON
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