Use of rare earth compounds for the prevention of kidney stone disease
a rare earth compound and kidney stone technology, applied in the field of preventing or treating kidney stone disease, can solve the problems of not being effective, difficult to take current preventative/treatment methods for urolithiasis, and serious health problems, and achieve the effect of high affinity oxalate binding properties
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example 1
[0028] In order to assess removal of oxalate from a stock solution by lanthanum carbonate, an oxalate binding assay was developed. The assay was based on the phosphate binding assay previously developed for assessing removal of phosphate from a stock solution by lanthanum carbonate (U.S. Pat. No. 5,968,976). Further, the buffer conditions were designed to mimic the conditions present in the stomach and in the small intestine. Briefly, 50 mL of a stock sodium oxalate solution containing 8.5 g / L sodium chloride was adjusted to the desired pH using 5N HCl and the Mettler-Toledo DL58 autotitrator. Various combinations of oxalate and lanthanum carbonate concentrations were tested to determine which would maximize oxalate removal. Prior to the addition of the desired amount of lanthanum carbonate, a 2 mL sample was taken to act as a zero time point sample. The volume of buffer was made up to 50 mL again by adding 2 mL of stock oxalate buffer back to the pH adjusted b...
example 2
Competitive Binding of Oxalate and Phosphate Using Lanthanum Carbonate
[0031] Having found an appropriate concentration combination of oxalate and lanthanum carbonate, competitive binding of oxalate and phosphate by lanthanum carbonate was also explored. The competitive binding assay was based on the phosphate binding assay previously developed for assessing removal of phosphate from a stock solution by lanthanum carbonate (U.S. Pat. No. 5,968,976) as well as the results from the current studies using oxalate. Briefly, a stock solution containing 0.1M anhydrous disodium phosphate, 0.01M sodium oxalate, and 8.5 g / L sodium chloride was prepared. Then, 50 ml of this stock solution was adjusted to either pH 3 or pH 7 using 5N and a Mettler-Toledo DL58 autotitrator. Just prior to the addition of lanthanum carbonate, a 2 ml sample was taken to act as a zero time point sample. The volume of buffer was made up to 50 ml again by adding 2 mL of stock oxalate / phosphate buffer back to the pH ad...
example 3
Oxalate Binding by Additional Rare Earth Compounds
[0033] These data demonstrate that other lanthanide salts can effectively bind oxalate. Yttrium carbonate and cerium carbonate were tested for the ability to bind oxalate as described in Example 1. As shown in FIG. 4, both 0.1 M yttrium carbonate (FIG. 4A) and 0.1 M cerium carbonate (FIG. 4B) were as effective as 0.1 M lanthanum carbonate at binding oxalate at pH 7, but less effective at pH 3.
[0034] Lanthanum, yttrium and cerium rare earth chlorides, and acetates were also assayed at pH 7 for oxalate binding using the assay procedure of Example 1. The assay was similar to that outlined in Example 1 except that after the oxalate solution was adjusted to the desired pH using 5N HCI, the pH was maintained with 1N NaOH. This was necessary since both the chloride compounds as well as the acetate compounds drop the pH of the solution significantly upon there addition. As shown in FIG. 5, at pH 7 lanthanum chloride binds oxalate quite rap...
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