The invention provides composite wood
aerogel for a
lithium battery as well as a preparation method and application of the composite wood
aerogel. According to the composite wood
aerogel, natural wood is used as a
raw material, a
cellulose skeleton with an anisotropic porous structure is obtained through acid-base
system delignification treatment,
boric acid and
activated carbon nanotubes are loaded on the
cellulose skeleton in an
ultrasonic cavitation mode, and the wood aerogel is formed through
freeze drying; then, under the vacuum condition,
phosphate phase-change materials such as
disodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate are adsorbed into pores of the wood aerogel, and the composite wood aerogel is obtained. According to the invention, through
flame-retardant modification of
boric acid, heat conduction regulation and control of
activated carbon nanotubes and heat absorption and release effects of the
phase change material, the composite wood aerogel has good
heat management capability in the operation process of the
lithium battery, and realizes cooling or
thermal insulation protection under the over-temperature or low-temperature working condition of the battery; the
flame-retardant and heat-insulating effects are achieved when
thermal runaway occurs,
thermal runaway propagation is effectively inhibited, and the safety of a
lithium battery system is improved.