Replaceable Parylene Membranes For Nanocalorimeter

Abstract

A measurement operation, such as a calorimetry measurement, is performed using a measurement array and a replaceable passivation membrane (e.g., a parylene membrane). The passivation membrane is used to cover the measurement array to provide temporary electrical and chemical passivation, while still allowing measurement of the parameter of interest (e.g., temperature, in a calorimetry measurement). By only replacing the membrane instead of the entire measurement array between measurement operations, the cost of the measurements can be significantly reduced over conventional methods. The passivation membrane can be mounted on a frame to simplify handling of the membrane.

Description

RELATED APPLICATIONS [0001] This application is a divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10 / 741,635, entitled “Replaceable Parylene Membranes For Nanocalorimeter” filed Dec. 19, 2003.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0002] 1. Field of the Invention [0003] The invention relates to the field of calorimetry, and in particular, to a system and method for reducing nanocalorimetry operating costs. [0004] 2. Related Art [0005] Calorimetry is used to measure enthalpic changes, including enthalpic changes arising from reactions, phase changes, changes in molecular conformation, temperature variations, and other variations of interest that may occur for a particular specimen. By measuring enthalpic changes over a series of conditions, other thermodynamic variables may be deduced. [0006] For example, measurements of enthalpy as a function of temperature reveal the heat capacity of a specimen, and titrations of reacting components can be used to deduce the binding constant and effective stoi...

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

[0022] By using a replaceable (removable) passivation membrane, the invention beneficially provides a simple means by which calorimeter arrays can be re-used. According to an embodiment of the invention, the passivation membrane is used to cover the uncoated measurement elements of a calorimeter array. Sample droplets are deposited onto the passivation membrane, and the calorimetry measurements are taken. Once the measurements are completed, the passivation membrane is simply removed from the calorimeter array. A new passivation membrane can then be placed over the calorimeter array to allow the next measurement operation to be performed.

[0023] Because only the passivation membrane is replaced for each new measurement operation, the invention can significantly reduce the total cost of a series of measurement operations compared to conventional single-use calorimeter arrays. According to an embodiment of the invention, the passivation membrane can be mounted on a rigid frame to facilitate placement of the passivation membrane over the calorimeter array, thereby improving measurement throughput by simplifying the replacement of the passivation membrane after each measurement operation.

Problems solved by technology

As such, these systems cannot be used to measure very small samples, as might be desired for precious or highly reactive materials.

Furthermore, standard calorimeters cannot be used effectively to monitor a large number of reactions of small sample size in parallel, as is required in order to perform studies using combinatorial chemistry techniques.

However, the inhibitor assay requires time and expense to develop the assay.

Attaching the fluorescent marker can often take 3 months of development or more and cost $250 k or more once the marker ligand is identified.

To avoid contamination, nanocalorimeter arrays (such as nanocalorimeter array 100) are typically discarded after a single use, which can add significant costs to large nanocalorimetry experiments.

While parylene coating 130 can sometimes be cleaned and sterilized to enable re-use of nanocalorimeter array 100, such refurbishment activity can be time-consuming and expensive.

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