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Production of high-cetane diesel fuel from low-quality biomass-derived feedstocks

a technology of biomass-derived feedstocks and high-cetane diesel, which is applied in the direction of biofuels, fuels, hydrocarbon oil treatment products, etc., can solve the problems of difficult conversion of low-quality feedstocks, large hydrogen requirements, and high operating costs, and achieves high cetane valu

Inactive Publication Date: 2007-07-26
HER MAJESTY THE QUEEN & RIGHT OF CANADA REPRESENTED BY THE MIN OF NATURAL RESOURCES
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

The process effectively produces diesel fuel with a cetane value of at least 70, sulfur content below 10 ppm, and improved cold-flow properties, while reducing hydrogen usage and extending catalyst life, thus enhancing process economics and fuel quality.

Problems solved by technology

However these waste greases and oils tend to contain contaminants that must effectively be removed before processing.
However, large quantities of hydrogen are required for this process, which is a major operating cost in the production of biomass-derived diesel fuel by catalytic hydrotreating.
Lower quality feedstocks, such as restaurant trap grease were found to be difficult to convert by catalytic hydrotreating, due to their heterogeneous nature and the presence of contaminants.
These contaminants were found to rapidly deactivate the catalyst, thereby reducing hydrotreating reactor time on stream, requiring large quantities of catalyst to be used, and increasing operating costs.

Method used

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  • Production of high-cetane diesel fuel from low-quality biomass-derived feedstocks
  • Production of high-cetane diesel fuel from low-quality biomass-derived feedstocks
  • Production of high-cetane diesel fuel from low-quality biomass-derived feedstocks

Examples

Experimental program
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Effect test

example 1

Conversion of Restaurant Trap Grease into Biomass-Derived Diesel

[0050] Restaurant trap grease having an average density of 0.925 g / mL, and an oxygen content of 13.72 wt % was fed to a thermal cracking unit where it was cracked at a temperature of 418.5° C. and a pressure of 300 kPa for 40 minutes. Thermal cracking produced a gas stream, a naphtha stream, a middle distillate stream having a boiling point in the range of from 165 to 345° C., water and residue. The middle distillates stream made up 63.0 wt % of the total cracked product and its oxygen content was only 7.99 wt %.

[0051] The middle distillate stream was then fed to a catalytic hydrotreating unit. Hydrotreating produced a biomass-derived diesel fuel having a cetane value of 75.4, a pour point of −6.0° C. and a cloud point of −2.5° C. The diesel was found to have less than 10 ppm sulphur content, which is well within tolerable commercial limits.

example 2

Conversion of Yellow Grease into Biomass-Derived Diesel

[0052] Yellow grease is waste grease resulting for rendering of animal fat. In this case, yellow grease, having a density of 0.918 g / mL and an oxygen content of 11.56 wt. % was fed to a thermal cracking unit in which it was cracked at 411° C. and 100 kPa for 40 minutes. Thermal cracking produced a product containing 68.6 wt % middle distillates (165° C.-345° C.), 7.0 wt % naphtha and the remainder gas, water and residues.

[0053] The middle distillate stream, which was found to have 8.29 wt % oxygen, was then fed to a catalytic hydrotreating unit. The resultant biomass-derived diesel stream had a cetane value of 79.2, a pour point of −4.0° C. and a cloud point of −1.4° C. The sulphur content of the diesel was found to be less than 10 ppm.

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Abstract

A method is taught for producing diesel fuels of high cetane value from a triglyceride feedstock, comprising pretreating the triglyceride feedstock by thermal cracking or rapid pyrolysis to partially convert the triglycerides and produce a middle distillates stream, and catalytically hydrotreating the middle distillate fraction to produce high cetane value diesel fuels. A biomass-derived diesel fuel is also taught having sulphur content below 10 ppm, a cetane-value of at least 70, a cloud point below 0° C. and a pour point of less than −4° C. A blended diesel fuel is also taught comprising 5 to 20 vol. % of the biomass-derived diesel fuel of the present invention and 80 to 95 vol. % of a petroleum diesel, based on total volume of the blended diesel fuel.

Description

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS [0001] The present application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11 / 234,175 filed Sep. 26, 2005.FIELD OF THE INVENTION [0002] The present invention relates to a two-step method for producing diesel fuel having a high cetane value from low quality biomass-derived feedstocks. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0003] In recent years, the area of biomass-derived diesel fuels has drawn a great deal of attention. These fuels are plant and animal based and are produced from such sources as canola, corn, soybean etc. Biomass-derived fuels are generally environmentally less damaging to use than traditional fossil fuels. [0004] Another potential source for biomass-derived diesel fuels is from the waste greases of animal rendering facilities and waste cooking oils, such as those found as restaurant trap greases. However these waste greases and oils tend to contain contaminants that must effectively be removed before processing. [000...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(United States)
IPC IPC(8): C10L1/04C10G69/02
CPCC10G3/46C10G2300/4081C10G31/09C10G45/08C10G2300/1011C10G2300/202C10G2300/301C10G2300/304C10G2300/307C10G2400/04C10L1/026C10L1/08C10L10/12Y02E50/13C10G2300/1014C10G2300/1018C10G2300/1055C10G3/50Y02P30/20Y02E50/10
Inventor MONNIER, JACQUESIKURA, MICHIOTOURIGNY, GUY
Owner HER MAJESTY THE QUEEN & RIGHT OF CANADA REPRESENTED BY THE MIN OF NATURAL RESOURCES
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