Non-Fluidic Microdetection Device and Uses Thereof

Abstract

The present invention provides a microchip for performing electrophoresis with electrochemical means, such as by pulsed amperometric detection (PAD), for the separation and detection of underivatized carbohydrates, amino acids, sulfur-containing antibiotics, etc. The present methods permit the direct detection of amines, thiols, alcohols and carbohydrates and therefore is a useful technique for the development of electrochemical detection for microchip electrophoresis.

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS[0001]This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60 / 496,673, entitled “Direct Determination of Carbohydrates, Amino Acids and Antibiotics by Microchip Electrophoresis with Pulsed Amperometric Detection,” filed Aug. 21, 2003, and to PCT / US2004 / 021740, filed Jul. 8, 2004, and to U.S. Utility patent application Ser. No. 10 / 568,975, filed Sep. 12, 2006, the entire contents and disclosure of all of which is hereby incorporated by reference.BACKGROUND[0002]1. Field of Invention[0003]The present invention relates generally to electrophoresis, and more particularly to a microchip that performs electrophoresis, a method to produce a microchip with integrated electrodes, and a method for performing electrophoresis using a microchip with integrated electrodes.[0004]2. Related Art[0005]Microanalytical devices open up new possibilities for the miniaturization of conventional chemical and biochemical analysis systems. Since t...

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

The present invention provides a microchip with channels for biological analysis. The main channel is the separation channel, while the detecting channel has a conductive element for electrochemical detection. Additional channels and reservoirs are provided for injecting sample and buffer during analysis procedures. The method for forming the microchip involves forming the main channel, detecting channel, and reservoirs, placing conductive elements in the detecting channel and reservoir, and attaching the microchip to a biological microfluid. The invention allows for efficient and accurate analysis of biological samples.

Problems solved by technology

However, the cost of optical instrumentation, the need for analyte derivatization, and the limited portability of LIF has led to the investigation of electrochemical detection (ECD), an attractive alternative for microchip devices, see Verpoorte, E., Electrophoresis 2002, 23, 677-712; Wang, J., Talanta 2002, 56, 223-231; Rossier, J., Reymond, F., Michel, P. E., Electrophesis 2002, 23, 858-867; Lacher, N. A., Garrison, K. E., Martin, R. S., Lunte, S. M., Electrophoresis 2001, 22, 2526-2536; Vandaveer, W. R. I. V., Pasas, S. A., Martin, R. S., Lunte, S. M., Electrophoresis 2002, 23, 3667-3677; and Wang, J., Trends in Anal. Chem. 2002, 21, 226-232, the entire contents and disclosures of which are hereby incorporated by reference.

However, when a constant potential is applied, the electrode may be fouled by the accumulation of adsorbed carbonaceous material, resulting in an unstable signal, see Fanguy, J. C., Henry, C. S., Analyst 2002, 127, 1021-1023; Garcia, G., Garcia, C. D., Ortiz, P. I., De Pauli, C. P., J. Electroanal. Chem. 2002, 519, 53-59, the entire contents and disclosures of which are hereby incorporated by reference.

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