Carbon nanoparticle-containing nanofluid

a technology of carbon nanotubes and nanoparticles, which is applied in the direction of lubricant compositions, other chemical processes, chemistry apparatus and processes, etc., can solve the problems of affecting the development of energy-efficient heat transfer fluids, carbon nanotubes are not soluble in any known solvent, and achieve the effect of improving thermal conductive properties

Active Publication Date: 2011-01-06
SOUTH DAKOTA SCHOOL OF MINES AND TECHNOLOGY
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

[0010]The objective of the present invention is to provide a nanofluid composition with enhanced thermal conductive properties, which comprises conventional thermal transfer fluids and solid carbon nanoparticles such as carbon nanotubes to form a sustainable nanoparticle suspension or soluble carbon nanotubes to form a homogenous solution.

Problems solved by technology

However, their inherently low thermal conductivities have hampered the development of energy-efficient heat transfer fluids that are required in a plethora of heat transfer applications.
Despite those extraordinary promising thermal properties exhibited by carbon nanotube suspensions, it remains to be a serious technical challenge to effectively and efficiently disperse carbon nanotubes into aqueous or organic mediums to produce a nanoparticle suspension with a sustainable stability and consistent thermal properties.
Due to hydrophobic natures of graphitic structure, carbon nanotubes are not soluble in any known solvent.
They also have a very high tendency to form aggregates and extended structures of linked nanoparticles, thus leading to phase separation, poor dispersion within a matrix, and poor adhesion to the host.
Unfortunately, these early studies on carbon nanotubes-containing nanofluids have primarily focused on the enhancement of thermal conductivity and very little experimental data is available regarding the stability of those nanoparticle suspensions.

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
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Effect test

example 1

Acid Treatment of Carbon Nanotubes

[0139]A suspension of carbon nanotubes (5% by weight) in sulfuric acid / nitrate acid (3:1) was heated at 110° C. under nitrogen for about 3 days. The suspension was then diluted with deionized water and filtered to remove the acids. After further washed with acetone and deionized water, the solid was dried in an oven at about 60 to 70° C. overnight.

example 2

Preparation of a SWNT-Containing Nanofluid

[0140]A SWNT nanofluid in EG Solution was prepared by dispersing dry carbon nanotubes into a mixture of the thermal transfer fluid (i.e., EG Solution) and a surfactant as a dispersant according to the composition and condition specified in Table 3. The dispersion was carried out by ultrasonication intermittently for 15 min using Digital Sonifier Model 102C by Branson Ultrasonics Corporation (Monroe Township, N.J.), to avoid causing structural damage to carbon nanotubes. Typically, the carbon nanoparticle-containing mixture is energized for 1-2 min with a break about 5-10 min in between.

TABLE 3ComponentDescriptionWeight (%)Carbon nanotubeF-SWNT-CNI,0.05untreatedSurfactantNanolab dispersant5.00Heat transfer fluidEG Solution94.85Ultrasonication Time15 minDispersion QualityGoodDispersion StabilityMore than one week

example 3

Preparation of a SWNT-Containing Nanofluid

[0141]A nanofluid with the composition specified in Table 4 was prepared as described in Example II.

TABLE 4ComponentDescriptionWeight (%)Carbon nanotubeF-SWNT-CNI, untreated0.10SurfactantSDBS1.00Heat transfer fluidEG Solution98.90Ultrasonication20 minTimeDispersion QualityGoodDispersion StabilityMore than one month

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Abstract

The present invention relates to compositions of a nanofluid, which comprises a thermal transfer fluid and carbon nanoparticles. The nanofluid may be hydrophilic nanofluids, such as a coolant, or hydrophobic nanofluids, such as nanolubricants or nanogreases. In particular, the present invention provides a homogenous hydrophilic nanofluid, which contains soluble carbon nanotubes in the hydrophilic thermal transfer fluid. The present invention also provides a nanogrease, which is a sustainable dispersion of solid carbon nanotubes in a hydrophobic thermal transfer fluid. The solid carbon nanotubes function as both as a thickener to modulate viscosity and as a solid heat transfer medium to enhance thermal conductivity and high temperature resistance.

Description

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION[0001]This is a continuation-in-part of pending prior U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11 / 332,679 and 11 / 332,682, both filed Jan. 12, 2006. The entire disclosures of these prior applications are considered to be part of the disclosure of this application and are hereby incorporated by reference herein.TECHNICAL FIELD[0002]The present invention relates to a composition of a nanofluid which contains nanoparticles in a thermal transfer fluid. The present invention also relates to processes for producing nanofluids with enhanced thermal conductive properties.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION[0003]Conventional heat transfer fluids such as water, mineral oil, and ethylene glycol play an important role in many industries including power generation, chemical production, air conditioning, transportation, and microelectronics. However, their inherently low thermal conductivities have hampered the development of energy-efficient heat transfer fluids that are req...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(United States)
IPC IPC(8): C10M169/04C09K5/00
CPCB82Y30/00C09K5/10C10M169/04C10M177/00C10M2201/041C10N2270/00C10M2207/2835C10M2219/044C10N2220/082C10N2230/00C10N2250/10C10M2205/0285Y10S977/773Y10S977/752Y10S977/902Y10S977/75Y10S977/742C10N2030/00C10N2020/06C10N2070/00C10N2050/10
Inventor HONG, HAIPINGWAYNICK, JOHN ANDREW
Owner SOUTH DAKOTA SCHOOL OF MINES AND TECHNOLOGY
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