Concentric layer electric double layer capacitor cylinder, system, and method of use
a technology cylinders, applied in the field of electric double layer capacitors, can solve the problems of high maintenance costs, system energy consumption, and devices produced and patented suffer from a number of limitations
Inactive Publication Date: 2011-03-10
ATLANTIS TECH
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- Abstract
- Description
- Claims
- Application Information
AI Technical Summary
Benefits of technology
"This patent describes a new type of electric double layer capacitor device that can be used to purify very concentrated process streams such as sea water and industrial waste streams. The device solves construction and performance issues that were previously observed with existing prior art. The patent also describes a system design and method of use for the device. The technical effects of this invention include improved purification efficiency, reduced energy consumption, and reduced device wear and tear."
Problems solved by technology
These systems require a tremendous amount of energy, high maintenance due to the extreme operating pressures, and chemicals to remove fouling from the reverse osmosis cylinders.
Unfortunately, the devices produced and patented suffer from a number of limitations listed below.
Unfortunately, the timing and space constraints of existing devices do not allow for a clean separation between the cleaned stream and the following concentrated stream.
Because these two streams partially mix together, the purification ability of the device is limited.
Current capacitive deionization devices have significant limitations for performance due to the design constraints employed.
In all cases, the devices are difficult to assemble, suffer from the effect of large dead volume spaces within the devices, and other performance limiting issues which will be described in detail below.
Also, the spirally wound design causes a large linear path for the water, which increases the residence time in the device and increases the difficulty of separating the clean from dirty process streams.
In either case, both designs suffer from a large dead volume of space within the device where streams can be mixed during the change between purification and purging cycles.
Because of the rigid casings of both the spiral and flat plate designs, it is difficult to adjust the performance parameters of the device.
For example, it would be very difficult to add or subtract capacitor pairs from the flat plate design without changing the dimensions of the casing.
The common flat plate design also suffers from the inability to control the amperage draw of the capacitor thereby reducing the time window in which to separate clean from dirty streams.
These design issues prevent the current capacitive deionization devices from being operated in series allowing the water to pass from one to the next until an extremely clean stream emerges from the last cell.
The existing capacitive deionization designs also suffer from precipitation of low solubility ions and must be periodically flushed with chemicals to remove the fouling.
The existing designs also utilize a porous current collector which is difficult to assemble and imparts additional electrical resistance to the system.
The spirally wound design is difficult to assemble and has a large operating pressure drop through the device due to the tortuous path the liquid must follow.
The compression under which the stack is compressed is difficult to control.
Because of the design limitations, it is difficult to control the output concentration of the device which is the primary purpose of any deionizing system.
The current design of capacitors has a limited capacity due to the design and therefore limits the amount of ions that can be adsorbed in a given cycle and speed in which the ions are removed from solution.
This increased residence time allows for difficult ions to be removed by removing the easier ions in the first part of the device, leaving the harder to remove ions available only in the electromagnetic field.
Method used
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first embodiment
FIGS. 1, 2, and 3 First Embodiment
[0061]A basic concentric layer electric double layer capacitor (EDLC) cylinder 11, EDLC cylinder 11, or cylinder 11 consists of two or more tubular carbon electrodes or capacitors 16, one inserted inside of the other forming a concentric pair of capacitors 16. One pair of capacitors 16 forms an electric double layer capacitor 16 pair.
[0062]In the most basic design as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, an inner most capacitor 16 is wrapped around a current collector 14a, which could be hollow metallic tube (such as hastalloy, titanium, corrosion resistance steel, etc) or a non-metallic hollow tube 12 with a metallic coating, sleeve, or thin current collector 14a. Around this inner capacitor 16 could be an ionic membrane 18a or an ionic coating integrated onto a surface of capacitor 16. Next, a dielectric spacer, insulator, or spacer 20 would surround a capacitor 16 or membrane 18 which would allow for a liquid layer to flow through cylinder 11 as with stand...
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Abstract
This invention relates to an electric double layer capacitor electrochemical cylinder (11) made up of concentric layers of capacitors (16), current collectors (14a, 14b, 14c), ion specific membranes (18, 18a, 18b) and dielectric spacer (20) wrapped around an inner support tube (12) that can be used as a high capacitance capacitor and to remove dissolved solids from a liquid stream such as water, acid, aqueous or non-aqueous.
Description
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS[0001]This application claims the benefit of provisional patent application Ser. No. 61 / 276,019 filed 2009 Sep. 8 by the present inventor.FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH[0002]Not applicableSEQUENCE LISTING OR PROGRAM[0003]Not applicableBACKGROUND OF INVENTION[0004]1. Field of Invention[0005]This invention relates to an electric double layer capacitor constructed of a plurality of concentric rings of capacitor pairs for use as an electrochemical device for energy storage or deionization of liquids[0006]2. Prior Art[0007]The following tabulation of some prior art that presently appears relevant:US Patents[0008]U.S. Pat. No. 5,196,115 to Andelman, 1993 Mar. 23U.S. Pat. No. 5,415,768 to Andelman, 1995 May 16U.S. Pat. No. 5,620,597 to Andelman, 1997 Apr. 15U.S. Pat. No. 5,748,437 to Andelman, 1998 May 5U.S. Pat. No. 5,779,891 to Andelman, 1998 Jul. 14U.S. Pat. No. 5,425,858 to Andelman, 1995 Jun. 20U.S. Pat. No. 5,538,611 to Andelman, 1996 Jun. 23U.S. ...
Claims
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IPC IPC(8): C25B9/10C25B9/00C02F1/461H01G9/155H02J7/00C25B9/23
CPCC02F1/46104C02F1/4691C02F2001/46133C02F2001/46152C02F2201/003Y02T10/7022C02F2201/46115Y02E60/13H01G11/32H01G11/52C02F2201/4611Y02W10/37C02F2001/46171Y02T10/70H01G11/10H01G11/34H01G11/44H01G11/78
InventorCURRAN, PATRICK MICHAEL
OwnerATLANTIS TECH