Chemosensory Receptor Ligand-Based Therapies

Abstract

Provided herein are methods for treating conditions associated with a chemosensory receptor, including diabetes, obesity, and other metabolic diseases, disorders or conditions by administrating a composition comprising a chemosensory receptor ligand, such as a bitter receptor ligand. Also provided herein are chemosensory receptor ligand compositions, including bitter receptor ligand compositions, and methods for the preparation thereof for use in the methods of the present invention. Also provided herein are compositions comprising metformin and salts thereof and methods of use.

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE[0001]This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 61 / 430,914, filed Jan. 7, 2011, which is incorporated herein by reference.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION[0002]Despite the longstanding, massive, effort to develop effective treatments for diabetes, metabolic syndrome, obesity, overweight and related metabolic conditions, the number of people worldwide who suffer from them is rapidly growing. These conditions result in numerous medical complications, a lowered quality of life, shortened lifespan, lost work productivity, a strain on medical systems, and a burden on medical insurance providers that translates into increased costs for all. Additionally, maintenance of health, including healthy body weight and healthy blood glucose levels is desirable.[0003]Type II diabetes treatments in use or development are designed to lower blood glucose levels. They include mimetics of GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide-1), a hormone that plays a key role in regulati...

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

[0008]Provided herein are compositions having at least one bitter receptor ligand and methods of treatment using the compositions. Conditions, disorders or diseases to be treated with the compositions provided herein disorders or conditions associated with chemosensory receptors. In certain embodiments, the methods comprise modulating hormone concentrations in a subject having a disorder or condition associated with a chemosensory receptor selected from metabolic syndrome, diabetes type I, diabetes type II, obesity, binge eating, undesired food cravings, food addiction, a desire to reduce food intake or to lose weight or maintain weight loss, desire to maintain healthy weight, desire to maintain normal blood glucose metabolism, anorexia, pre-diabetes, glucose intolerance, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), impaired fasting glycemia, (IFG), post-prandial hyperglycemia, accelerated gastric emptying (dumping syndrome), delayed gastric emptying, dyslipidemia, post-prandial dyslipidemia, hyperlipidemia, hypertriglyceridemia, post hypertriglyceridemia, insulin resistance, bone loss disorders, osteopenia, osteoporosis, muscle wasting disease, muscle degenerative disorders, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFL), non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), immune disorders of the gut (e.g., celiac disease), bowel irregularity, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including, e.g., ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, short bowel syndrome and peripheral neuropathy (e.g., diabetic neuropathy).

Problems solved by technology

These conditions result in numerous medical complications, a lowered quality of life, shortened lifespan, lost work productivity, a strain on medical systems, and a burden on medical insurance providers that translates into increased costs for all.

However, metformin is reported to be substantially excreted by the kidney, and the risk of metformin accumulation and lactic acidosis increases with the degree of impairment of renal function.

Patients with concomitant cardiovascular or liver disease, sepsis, and hypoxia have also increased the risk of lactic acidosis.

Thus, metformin remains an unavailable and / or risky treatment for certain patient groups due to its side effects.

Undesirable side-effects, including effects on blood pressure, have been reported with these drugs.

These procedures can be dangerous, and furthermore may not be appropriate options for patients with more modest weight loss goals.

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