Methods for converting lignocellulosic materials to useful products

a technology of lignocellulosic materials and pretreatment solutions, which is applied in the fields of papermaking, glucose production, biofuels, etc., can solve the problems of low efficiency, environmental protection, and process currently not commercialized

Inactive Publication Date: 2014-04-03
SYNGENTA PARTICIPATIONS AG
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

[0011]The foregoing and other aspects of the present invention will now be described in more detail with respect to other embodiments described herein. It should be appreciated that the invention can be embodied in different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.

Problems solved by technology

However, these processes currently have not been commercialized due to the high cost, low efficiency, adverse reaction conditions, and other issues associated with the pretreatment process.
In addition, these processes are not environmentally friendly and in order to achieve effective and efficient hydrolysis, a large addition of enzymes is required, which further increases costs.

Method used

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  • Methods for converting lignocellulosic materials to useful products
  • Methods for converting lignocellulosic materials to useful products
  • Methods for converting lignocellulosic materials to useful products

Examples

Experimental program
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Effect test

example 1

Materials and Methods for Examples 2-13

Bagasse Pretreatment and Sample Analysis

[0082]All bagasse samples in Examples 2-13 were prepared according to the methods described herein with the specific conditions, such as the concentration of the components in the pretreatment solutions and the reaction conditions, provided in the specific Examples 2-13 below.

[0083]Air-dried depithed bagasse was ground and the material retained between 0.25 mm and 0.50 mm sieve was collected. One gram (moisture content of 5%) of the bagasse was mixed with 10 grams of the pretreatment solution, (e.g., water, acid catalyst, and glycerol). When glycerol was present in the pretreatment solution, the purity grade of the glycerol was analytical grade (i.e., commercial glycerol) with a water content less than 0.5%. The mixture was stirred at 300 rpm and heated at the indicated temperature for a set time as set forth in each example. After pretreatment, the mixture was vacuum-filtered to produce a filtrate (i.e.,...

example 2

FTIR Data of Untreated Bagasse and Pretreated Bagasse

[0095]FIG. 1 shows FTIR spectra of untreated bagasse and bagasse pretreated with either an acid solution or a glycerol / acid / water solution. The bagasse samples were either untreated or pretreated with the acid solution or the glycerol / acid / water solution for 60 minutes at 130° C. The acid solution contained 1.2% HCl and 98.8% water. The glycerol / acid / water solution contained 1.2% HCl, 88.8% glycerol, and 10% water.

[0096]The ester bond signal at 1732 cm−1 was weaker in the spectrum of the pretreated samples than that of the untreated sample, suggesting that some ester linkages between lignin and the carbohydrates were cleaved during the pretreatment process (Liu et al., 2009).

[0097]The peaks at 1515 cm−1 and 1605 cm−1, which relate to the aromatic skeleton vibrations in lignin (Liu et al., 2009), were present in the pretreated samples, indicating that the pretreatment process did not completely remove lignin. The peaks at 1515 cm−1...

example 3

SEM of Untreated Bagasse and Pretreated Bagasse

[0101]Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis was conducted to study changes in bagasse morphology following various pretreatments. The bagasse samples were either untreated or pretreated with an acid solution or a glycerol / acid / water solution for 60 minutes at 130° C. The acid solution contained 1.2% HCl and 98.8% water. The glycerol / acid / water solution contained 1.2% HCl, 88.8% glycerol, and 10% water.

[0102]As shown in FIG. 2, the untreated bagasse sample exhibited grid and compact fibrils (FIG. 2a), which hinder the ability of the enzymes to access the cellulosic and hemicellulosic components of the bagasse (i.e., the lignocellulosic material) during saccharification. The morphology of bagasse pretreated with the acid solution did not change significantly compared to untreated bagasse (FIG. 2b), although some pores appeared in the acid pretreated bagasse. In contrast, pretreatment with the glycerol / acid / water solution destroyed t...

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Abstract

The present invention provides compositions and methods for the pretreatment of lignocellulosic material. The present invention further provides for pretreated lignocellulosic material that can be used to produce useful products, such as fermentable sugars.

Description

RELATED APPLICATIONS[0001]This application claims the benefit of and priority from U.S. Provisional Application No. 61 / 570,438, filed on Dec. 14, 2011 and U.S. Provisional Application No. 61 / 495,541, filed on Jun. 10, 2011, the disclosures of each of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.FIELD OF THE INVENTION[0002]The present invention concerns pretreatment solutions for lignocellulosic material and methods for pretreating lignocellulosic material that can be used to produce useful products, such as fermentable sugars.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION[0003]Lignocellulosic material can be used to produce biofuels (e.g., bioethanol) and biochemicals, and thus is an alternative to fossil fuels. For efficient biofuel production from lignocellulosic materials, the cellulose and / or hemicellulose components of lignocellulosic material need to be converted to monosaccharides (i.e., monosugars) that are capable of being fermented into ethanol or butanol. Prior work in this ...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(United States)
IPC IPC(8): C13K1/02C12P19/02C12P19/14
CPCC13K1/02C12P19/02C12P19/14C08H8/00C12P7/10C08B37/0006C08B37/0057C08H6/00C12P2201/00C12P2203/00C13K13/002Y02E50/10D21B1/021
Inventor ZHANG, ZHANYINGO'HARA, IAN MARKDOHERTY, WILLIAM ORLANDO SINCLAIRRACKEMANN, DARRYN
Owner SYNGENTA PARTICIPATIONS AG
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