The invention relates to the field of solar cells, in particular to a preparation method of an
electron transport layer and a
perovskite solar cell, and the preparation method of the
electron transport layer comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing stannous
chloride dehydrate, an organic ligand / heterogeneous growth connecting agent and a
hydrolysis rate control agent in deionized water to obtain a stannic
oxide precursor solution; and taking conductive glass as a substrate to be soaked in the
tin dioxide precursor solution, performing in-situ growth in a closed environment with the temperature lower than the water
evaporation temperature, and then performing ultrasonic cleaning and annealing to obtain the
electron transport layer. According to the in-situ chemical
growth regulation and control strategy provided by the invention, the bulk phase self-
doping defect control of the
tin dioxide n-type thin film, the controllable regulation of the energy band and the optimization of the
conductivity and the carrier extraction behavior are realized, and the strategy can be used for preparing a series of
tin dioxide electron transport
layers to adapt to a preparation scheme and application of a
perovskite active layer with any component. And the minimization of
energy loss and the optimization of interface non-radiative recombination and carrier transport behavior are realized.