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This invention discloses a slow-release granule formulation of sodium alginate-biochar loaded with thiamethoxam, its preparation method, and its application. The slow-release granule uses biochar as the adsorbent carrier to adsorb thiamethoxam and sodium alginate as the encapsulating material, which is then cross-linked and solidified by dripping calcium chloride solution. The mass ratio of biochar to thiamethoxam is (10~30):1, the mass-to-volume ratio of sodium alginate to water is 1.5~2.0 g:100 mL, and the concentration of the calcium chloride solution is 1.5%~3.0%. The prepared slow-release granule has a cumulative release time of over 90 hours in distilled water, with no obvious burst release phenomenon. Pot experiments show that it maintains a continuous control effect on eggplant thrips for 7 days after application, which is superior to conventional spraying treatment. This invention has a simple preparation process, is environmentally friendly, and has excellent slow-release performance, making it suitable for green control of agricultural pests.