The application provides an antibacterial neural
electrode based on a high-surface-potential
zirconium oxide layer and a preparation method thereof. The
electrode comprises, from bottom to top, a bottom
zirconium oxide film layer, a first insulating layer, a
metal layer, a second insulating layer, a top
zirconium oxide film layer and an
electrode modification layer. A distal end of the
metal layer is partially exposed to form an electrode point, and the electrode modification layer covers the electrode point. The bottom
zirconium oxide film layer and the top
zirconium oxide film layer are subjected to high-surface-potential treatment and exhibit a positive surface potential in a physiological environment. The positive surface potential can destroy the
cell membranes of
bacteria with negative charges through electrostatic action after the neural electrode is implanted
in vivo, and inhibit the formation of microglial cells and astrocytes. The damage to the membranes of mammalian cells (such as neurons) with neutral
electricity is extremely small. The application realizes active antibacterial function through the high-surface-potential
zirconium oxide film layer, ensures long-term effective contact between the electrode and neurons, and thus realizes high-quality, long-term stable electrophysiological recording and stimulation function of the neural electrode.