Apparatus and method for gasification of refuse and hyperthermia melt processing of flying ash

A high-temperature melting and processing device technology, which is applied in the field of waste gasification and fly ash high-temperature melting integrated processing devices, can solve the problems of heavy metals and dioxins exceeding the standard, and achieve low operating costs, high combustion heat intensity, and slag collection rate high effect

Active Publication Date: 2008-06-18
HARBIN INST OF TECH
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem that the heavy metals and dioxins in the bag-collected ash of the existing garbage incinerators seriously exceed the standard, and provide a garbage gasification and fly ash high-temperature melting treatment device and method

Method used

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  • Apparatus and method for gasification of refuse and hyperthermia melt processing of flying ash
  • Apparatus and method for gasification of refuse and hyperthermia melt processing of flying ash
  • Apparatus and method for gasification of refuse and hyperthermia melt processing of flying ash

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specific Embodiment approach 1

[0008] Embodiment 1: This embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 1. This embodiment consists of a fluidized bed gasifier 1, a feeder 2, an air distribution plate 3, a roller slag cooler 4, a burner 5, a combustion chamber 6, a melting The slag pool 8, the water cooling wall 11, the burnout chamber 12, the nozzle 13, the steam drum 14, the superheater 15, the economizer 16, the air preheater 17, the flue 18 and the rotating secondary air outlet 20 are composed of the steam drum 14. On the top of the burnout chamber 12, a feeder 2 is arranged on the side wall of the fluidized bed gasifier 1, and an air distribution plate 3 is arranged at the lower part of the inner cavity of the fluidized bed gasifier 1. The lower part of the air distribution plate 3 A roller slag cooler 4 is provided, and the roller slag cooler 4 has the function of separating fine sand and large non-combustible materials. The upper part of the fluidized bed gasifier 1 is communicated with the cyclo...

specific Embodiment approach 2

[0009] Embodiment 2: This embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 1 . The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that a secondary air nozzle 7 is added at the outlet of the fluidized bed 1 in this embodiment, and the secondary air nozzle 7 is arranged at the outlet of the fluidized bed 1. The upper part of the inner side wall of the cyclone furnace 6 . Air is sprayed into the cyclone furnace 6 through the secondary air nozzle 7 to provide air required for the combustion of the combustible gas from the fluidized bed gasifier 1. The temperature in the cyclone furnace 6 is 1400-1650°C. In this embodiment, the cyclone furnace 6 is in an oxidizing atmosphere, and heavy metal oxides cannot be reduced to metals. The cyclone furnace 6 is a simple fly ash melting furnace and does not recover metals. At this time, the rotating secondary tuyere at the lower part of the burnout chamber 12 20 Stop the air supply. Other components and connection relationships ar...

specific Embodiment approach 3

[0010] Embodiment 3: This embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 1 . The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that this embodiment is further provided with a dioxin blocker nozzle 19 , which is provided with a dioxin blocker nozzle 19 . In the 400-600 ℃ interval position in the economizer 16, inject dioxin blocker (NH 3 , methylamine, etc.), which can block the re-synthesis of dioxins and further control the formation of dioxins in the tail. This is because in the temperature range of 200-500 °C in the tail, the decomposed dioxin fragments (small molecules) are in the divalent copper ion (Cu 2+ ) will be synthesized again to generate a small amount of dioxin. In order to prevent this reaction from proceeding smoothly, spraying a dioxin blocker has achieved the purpose of further controlling dioxin. Other components and connection relationships are the same as in the first embodiment.

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Abstract

A device and method for garbage gasification and flying ash high temperature melting treatment relates to an integrated technology for garbage gasification and flying ash high temperature melting. The invention aims at solving the problem that the heavy metals and dioxins in the ash collected by a hop-pocket in an incinerator for garbage gasification exceeds the standard limits greatly. The device is formed in the way that a fluidized bed gasifier is communicated with a cyclone furnace; the cyclone furnace is communicated with a burnt chamber and the burnt chamber is communicated with a flue. The method includes that the smoke and gas generated by the gasification of the garbage in the fluidized bed gasifier enters the cyclone furnace and burns with the help of coal powder; the heavy metals in the flying ash are reduced to metals and recycled; the dioxins in the flying ash are decomposed; the exhaust smoke and gas enters a tail gas treatment device after entering the burnt chamber, a superheater, a coal saving device and an air preheater. The invention leads the smoke and gas generated by the gasification and burning of the garbage in the fluidized bed gasifier to enter the cyclone furnace for high temperature melting treatment so as to lead the dioxins in the tail gas collecting ash and in the tail gas to be respectively lower than 50ng-TEQ / kg, 0.1ng-TEQ / m{3}.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to an integrated treatment device and method for waste gasification and high temperature melting of fly ash. Background technique [0002] In recent years, with the increasingly serious pollution of urban domestic garbage in my country, the harmless treatment of garbage has attracted much attention. At present, domestic waste incineration plants generally use activated carbon to absorb heavy metals and dioxins in the flue gas, and cooperate with a bag filter to collect the smoke, heavy metals and dioxins in the exhaust gas in the ash captured by the bag filter. The flue gas at the outlet of the filter meets or is lower than the current national environmental protection emission standards, but the heavy metals and dioxins in the ash collected by the bag filter (referred to as fly ash) seriously exceed the standard. The content of dioxins in the ash of the waste incinerators produced in China reaches several thousand ng-TEQ / kg. Fl...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): F23G5/027F23G5/30F23G5/44F23L9/02F23L13/00
CPCY02E20/34
Inventor 别如山刘欢鹏裘俊卢杰张缦
Owner HARBIN INST OF TECH
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