Nitrogen-reduction fertilizing method capable of improving utilization rate of flue-cured tobacco nitrogenous fertilizer in rainy and smoky area

Abstract

The invention relates to a nitrogen-reduction fertilizing method capable of improving the utilization rate of flue-cured tobacco nitrogenous fertilizers in a rainy and smoky area, The nitrogen-reduction fertilizing method is characterized by uniformly applying a basal fertilizer to small holes on the day when the flue-cured tobaccos are transplanted, wherein the basal fertilizer is prepared from organic fertilizers of decomposed cake fertilizer and decomposed pig manure, an inorganic fertilizer potassium nitrate and a flue-cured tobacco special compound fertilizer containing 13% of N, 9% of P2O5 and 14% of K2O and superphosphate. When tobacco leaves completely cover the tobacco ridges and positions for digging ponds and fertilizing planted tobaccos, and water drip lines at the periphery of the flue-cured tobacco are outside the position for fertilizing basal fertilizer to the small holes, the steps of film uncovering, earthing up and top dressing can be carried out; potassium nitrate and potassium sulfate are utilized for the third top dressing in the manner of spraying fertilization, less amount and frequent times; and the total amount of the basal fertilizer and the top dressing of inorganic fertilizer nitrogen is reduced by 45-55% according to local routine dosage. By the invention, under the conditions that the absorption of the flue-cured tobacco nitrogen is not inhibited substantially and the yield and the quality of the flue-cured tobacco are not reduced, the utilization rate of the flue-cured tobacco nitrogenous fertilizer is improved by 30-60% in comparison with the traditional federalization, and the agricultural utilization rate of flue-cured tobacco nitrogen is improved by 61-83% compared with the conventional fertilization, therefore, the nitrogen-reduction fertilizing method has bright application prospect in the south high temperature rainy and smoky areas, such as Guangdong province, and the like.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a fertilization method for planting flue-cured tobacco, in particular to a nitrogen-reducing fertilization method capable of improving the nitrogen utilization rate of flue-cured tobacco in rainy tobacco areas. Background technique [0002] Flue-cured tobacco is a special economic crop that is favored for its delicious taste. It has a special demand for nitrogen nutrition. The nitrogen demand of flue-cured tobacco is low during the root extension and cluster stage, and the long-term demand increases sharply. In the later stage, nitrogen needs to be controlled in a timely manner. The nitrogen supply technology for flue-cured tobacco production in my country mainly has the following two problems: one is that the amount of nitrogen applied is too large, which will easily lead to a decline in the quality of tobacco leaves, and at the same time cause a huge waste of nitrogen fertilizer resources, increase the cost of growing tobacco,...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The nitrogen supply technology for flue-cured tobacco production in my country mainly has the following two problems: one is that the amount of nitrogen applied is too large, which will easily lead to a decline in the quality of tobacco leaves, and at the same time cause a huge waste of nitrogen fertilizer resources, increase the cost of growing tobacco, and constitute a risk of water eutrophication Second, the ratio of basal topdressing cannot match the law of nitrogen uptake by tobacco plants. The dry matter and nitrogen accumulation of flue-cured tobacco before clustering are relatively small. The rule that flue-cured tobacco needs less nitrogen does not match

However, in the high-temperature, rainy and smoky areas of Guangdong, due to the lack of mulch protection after the clumps are removed, the high proportion of topdressing nitrogen will increase the environmental risk of fertilizer nitrogen loss. It is not obvious. Under the same nitrogen application rate, the technology of increasing the proportion of topdressing nitrogen in flue-cured tobacco has no obvious effect on improving the nitrogen use efficiency of flue-cured tobacco.

At present, there is an urgent need to develop new practical nitrogen fertilization methods for flue-cured tobacco to solve the problem of low soil nitrogen fertilizer utilization in high-temperature and rainy smoke areas such as Guangdong.

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