Supported platinum catalyst for fuel cell and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a preparation method of a supported platinum catalyst for a fuel cell and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: a) diffusing a carrier into deionized water to obtain a first suspension; b) adding chloroplatinic acid and formic acid into the first suspension, and performing ultrasonic diffusion to obtain a second suspension; and c) making the second suspension stand at 10-40 DEG C for reaction; and washing and drying to obtain the supported platinum catalyst. The invention also provides a supported platinum catalyst for a fuel cell prepared by the method of the technical scheme. According to the invention, formic acid is a weak reducing agent, the reaction with chloroplatinic acid is relatively slow at 10-40 DEG C, and the generation speed of platinum atoms can be controlled; and thus, nano wires can be directionally generated, and relatively high catalytic activity and platinum utilization rate are realized. The method provided by the invention is simple to operate, and the conditions are mild.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of fuel cells, and in particular relates to a supported platinum catalyst for fuel cells and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] Fuel cells are efficient and clean power generation systems that directly and continuously convert the chemical energy contained in fuels into electrical energy through electrochemical reactions, including proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC), molten carbonate fuel cells (MCFC) and solid oxidation organic fuel cells (SOFC), etc. Among them, proton exchange membrane fuel cells have the advantages of low operating temperature, high energy density, no corrosion, fast start-up, etc., and have good application prospects in portable power supplies and small power supplies. [0003] In a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, the catalytic layer is the place where the electrodes undergo electrochemical reactions. The structure of the catalytic layer, the activ...

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Problems solved by technology

[0004] The prior art discloses supported platinum catalysts of multiple nanowire structures, such as Jung et al. have synthesized Pt nanowires (Jung, Y.S.; Lee, J.H.; Lee, J.Y.; Ross, C.A.Nano.Lett.2010, 10 , 3722-3726), Sakamoto et al. synthesized Pt nanowires by surfactant method (Sakamoto, Y.; Fukuoka, A.; Higuchi, T.; Shimomura, N.; Inagaki, S.; Ichikawa, M.J. Phys.Chem .B 2004,108,853-858), but template method or surfactant method needs to use template or surfactant, thereby increased the cleaning step to template or surfactant, is difficult to guarantee the cleanness of crystal face, to Electrocatalysis is unfavorable

Xia et al. controlled the supersaturation of platinum nascent nuclei by introducing external ions to control the formation of platinum nanowires, but such nanowires only grew on platinum spheres at a low concentration, and their electrocatalytic performance was poor, which was not conducive to large-scale application ( Chen, J.Y.; Herricks, T.; Geissler, M.; Xia, Y.N.J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2004, 126, 10854-10855)

[0005] In addition, in order to reduce mass transfer resistance, increasing the loading catalyst is also a way to improve battery performance, but under high loading conditions, platinum nanoparticles are prone to agglomeration, which will reduce the utilization of platinum (Fang, B.; Chaudhari , N.K.; Kim, M.S.; Kim, J.H.; Yu, J.S.J.Am.Chem.Soc.2009, 131, 15330-15338)

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