Fuel cell catalyst and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a fuel cell catalyst which comprises an accelerator of hydrated niobium oxide or dehydrated niobium oxide and carbon supported Pt or PtRu. Wherein, Pt is in a range of 5-40% by mass, Ru is in a range of 4-40% by mass, and Nb2O5 is in a range of 10%-90% by mass, and the sum of Pt, Ru, Nb2O5 and C is 100% by mass. The preparation method comprises: (1) dispersing carbon powders into a solvent; (2) adding M2Pt(OH)6, RuC15 and niobium oxalate to prepare a suspension with 0.01-60g / l platinum, 0-60g / l ruthenium and 0.01-60g / l niobium; (3) adding excess reducing agents; (4) filtering, washing, and drying the suspension; (5) performing a heat treatment in an Ar atmosphere at a temperature of 100-1000 DEG C, so as to prepare a carbon supported Pt or PtRu composite catalyst with hydrated niobium oxide or dehydrated niobium oxide as the accelerator. Particles of constituents of the catalyst provided in the invention are small, tightly combined and evenly distributed on carbon. Used for catalyzing the electrochemical oxidation process of methanol, the catalyst of the invention is characterized by high catalytic activity and long-term as well as stable operation in an acidic system.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a catalyst for direct methanol fuel cells and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the field of catalyst manufacture. technical background [0002] Direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) is considered to be the fuel cell most likely to be used in automobiles and other mobile applications due to its rich source of raw materials, cheap price, high safety, and easy portability. However, electrocatalysts for methanol oxidation are still It is one of the bottlenecks restricting its commercialization. Currently widely used Pt-based methanol oxidation electrocatalysts mainly suffer from two problems: the low catalytic activity of the catalyst for the electrochemical oxidation of methanol and the poisoning of the catalyst by methanol oxidation intermediates (such as -CO). Although the PtRu / C catalyst developed and used in recent years has significantly improved the anti-toxic performance of the catalyst, there is still a large gap fro...

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Problems solved by technology

[0002] Direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) is considered to be the fuel cell most likely to be used in automobiles and other mobile applications due to its rich source of raw materials, cheap price, high safety, and easy portability. However, electrocatalysts for methanol oxidation are still is one of the bottlenecks restricting its commercialization

There are two main problems in the currently widely used Pt-based methanol oxidation electrocatalysts: the low activity of the catalyst for the electrochemical oxidation of methanol and the poisoning of the catalyst by methanol oxidation intermediate products (such as -CO).

In practical applications, these catalyst systems often have problems such as long-term instability or low activity of accelerator components in acidic systems.

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