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Method for processing radioactive wastes

A treatment method and waste technology, which is applied in the field of radioactive waste treatment, can solve the problems of high storage cost, increased nuclide scattering, and large storage space, and achieve the effect of small thermal inertia and reduced storage space

Active Publication Date: 2011-09-28
HUANCHUANG XIAMEN TECH
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

For the cement solidification method, the radioactive waste is directly compressed and sealed with cement, and its volume expansion ratio even reaches 1:6.6. Not only the storage cost is high, the storage space is large, but also the funds and storage space are limited. challenge
For the plasma incineration method, after incinerating and filtering the radioactive waste, although the storage space can be alleviated to a large extent, and the storage cost will be reduced accordingly, but because the structure of the current incineration method is very large, in addition to the high investment intensity In addition, its fixed structure brings the disadvantages that the radioactive waste contained in each power station must be transported to the volume reduction treatment center, which virtually increases the possibility of nuclide scattering, and due to the limitation of heating methods, the radioactive waste in the radioactive waste When the element is incinerated, it forms aerosol and drifts with the hot air flow, which not only increases the difficulty of tail gas treatment, but also increases the input and pressure of treatment, which may further cause secondary or multiple pollution.

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0029] Example 1: Apply this method to weigh and measure the volume of the absorbent paper before the test, which are respectively marked as M1 and m1, and then heated and dried by microwave and carbonized, weighed and measured for the volume, which are respectively marked as M2 and m2 , and the hot gas is subjected to rapid extraction and two times of filtration. The condition of rapid extraction is to rapidly drop the temperature of the hot gas from 120°C to below 17°C within 1 minute, and discharge the tail gas after passing the inspection. The temperature control system can automatically cut off the heating power supply according to the set value and feed back the information of the completion of drying and carbonization to the computer. The test results show that the weight loss rate (M1-M2) / M1>87% and volume reduction rate (m1-m2) / m1>52% of the water-absorbing paper treated by the method, and the tail gas detection meets the national discharge standard.

Embodiment 2

[0030] Example 2: Apply this method to dry and carbonize the work clothes before weighing and measuring their volume, respectively marked as M1 and m1, using microwave heating to dry and carbonize, weigh their weight and measure their volume, respectively marked as M2 and m2, And the hot gas is subjected to rapid extraction and two times of filtration. The condition of rapid extraction is to rapidly drop the temperature of the hot gas from 120°C to below 17°C within 1 minute, and discharge the tail gas after passing the inspection. The temperature control system can automatically cut off the heating power supply according to the set value and feed back the information of drying and carbonization end to the computer. The test results show that the weight reduction rate (M1-M2) / M1>95% and the volume reduction rate (m1-m2) / m1>65% after treatment by the method, and the tail gas emission can reach the standard.

Embodiment 3

[0031] Embodiment 3: Apply this method to weigh its weight and measure its volume before the sludge is dried, record it as M1 and m1 respectively, use microwave heating and drying, weigh its weight and measure its volume, record it as M2 and m2 respectively, and record the hot gas After rapid extraction and two times of filtration, the condition of rapid extraction is to rapidly drop the temperature of the hot gas from 120°C to below 17°C within 1 minute, and discharge the tail gas after passing the inspection. The temperature control system can automatically cut off the heating power supply according to the set value and feed back the information of drying and carbonization end to the computer. The test results show that the weight reduction rate (M1-M2) / M1>51% and the volume reduction rate (m1-m2) / m1>41% after treatment by the method, and the tail gas emission can reach the standard.

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Abstract

The invention relates to a method for processing radioactive wastes, which comprises the following steps of: 1) heating the radioactive wastes to obtain hot gas with trace 134Cs or 137Cs nuclide and dehydrated or carbonized solid wastes, encapsulating the dehydrated or carbonized solid wastes by a nuclear waste processing container or cement, and carrying out step 2) to the hot gas with individual trace nuclide; and 2) quenching and extracting the hot gas with individual trace nuclide. The invention provides a method for processing radioactive wastes, which is capable of manufacturing a movable processing device, reduces storage space and avoids heavy pollution to the environment and is low in storage cost.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a treatment method for waste, in particular to a treatment method for radioactive waste. Background technique [0002] As an efficient and clean energy, nuclear power has been increasingly valued and utilized by people. As of 2010, there were 13 nuclear power units in operation in mainland my country, and 24 units under construction will also be put into commercial operation successively. While nuclear power brings huge economic benefits to people, the technological wastes and technical wastes produced during the working process have a certain specific activity of radioactivity, and must be treated with certain technical measures before storage. , the radioactive pollution caused by natural or man-made damage such as earthquakes and terrorist attacks will bring disastrous consequences to people. At present, cement solidification or plasma incineration are usually used to treat these radioactive wastes. For the cement solidifi...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): G21F9/06G21F9/08G21F9/30
Inventor 张喜华王武尚秋实张德志师全林何文新
Owner HUANCHUANG XIAMEN TECH
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