Wide-row flat planting protective tillage planting method for maizes

Abstract

The invention relates to a planting method for crops, in particular to a wide-row flat planting protective tillage planting method for maizes. The planting method comprises the following seven steps of: performing land preparation, sowing, rolling after sowing, weeding by pesticides, subsoiling mechanically and performing side deep fertilizing, preventing and controlling diseases and insect pestsand harvesting mechanically. In the planting method, the conventional 60-centimeter uniform ridge planting mode is changed into a flat planting mode of 80-centimeter row pitch and 20-centimeter row spacing, and ventilating and light-transmitting space of the crops is increased; the conventional shallow intertillage and shallow fertilization mode is changed into a mechanical deep scarification anddeep topdressing mode, namely the conventional three-shovel three-time intertillage management and shallow fertilization operation is changed into one-time deep scarification and deep topdressing operation, so operation links are reduced, and the production cost is reduced; the conventional sowing mode is changed into a zero-tillage sowing mode, so the evaporation of soil moisture is reduced, andthe capacity of drought resistance and soil moisture conservation is improved; the conventional mode that harvested low stubbles are crushed to return to a field into a mode that mechanically-harvested high stubbles are rotten naturally to return to the field; and before sowing, seeds are processed by using a plasma seed processing technology to improve the germination percentage of the seeds.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for planting crops, in particular to a method for planting corn with wide rows and parallel cropping for protective tillage. Background technique [0002] With the progress of society and the development of agricultural science and technology, great changes have taken place in farmers' farming. Traditional farming methods and methods can no longer meet the requirements of low input and high output in modern agriculture. [0003] The traditional farming method is to use a 60 cm uniform ridge farming method. This farming method is far from meeting the requirements of modern agricultural development. It has many shortcomings and deficiencies, which are specifically manifested in: [0004] 1. The uniform ridge farming method with a row spacing of 60cm, the ventilation and light transmission space of the crops is small, the ability is weak, and the advantages of the side rows cannot be fully utilized. In addition, the tradi...

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Problems solved by technology

In addition, due to the need for land preparation, ridging and frequent tillage before sowing every spring, it is not conducive to the survival and reproduction of beneficial organisms in the soil.

Fertilization in traditional farming methods adopts shallow intertillage and shallow fertilization, and implements three-shovel and three-pass intertillage management. There are many operations, more labor input, time-consuming, and high production costs.

[0006] 3. The traditional farming method of 60cm requires low stubble during harvesting (i.e. traditional manual harvesting with 5cm-8cm low stubble), and then crushed and returned to the field, which increases the operation process and increases the cost of operation

[0007] 4. In addition to soil preparation, 60cm uniform ridge cultivation can only use small-scale machinery for other operations. The operation quality is poor, the efficiency is low, and it is easy to form a plow bottom, which is not conducive to the growth of crop roots and soil water storage. It is not suitable for the rapid increase in the number of high-power tractors today. and the development trend of agricultural mechanization

[0008] 5. 60cm uniform ridge cultivation Due to the narrow ridge spacing, high-power tractors cannot implement deep loosening and deep fertilization operations and herbicide spraying operations

[0009] 6. Uniform ridge farming with a row spacing of 60 cm cannot achieve high stubble coverage and natural rot and return to the field, but flat farming with an even row spacing of 80 cm can realize this technology. After the corn root system rots, a large number of channels are left. The longer the time, the more channels. The role of soil and soil gas exchange, after the root stubble is returned to the field, the soil organic matter will increase, and the earthworm will continue to dig the plow layer to form pores to loosen the soil, creating a good plow layer

[0010] 7. Even ridge cultivation with a row spacing of 60cm is currently unable to implement deep loosening and deep fertilization between rows in summer

Reason: Tractors below 35 kW have insufficient power for subsoiling, and tractors with more than 35 kW have wide rear drive tires and cannot work on the ground

In addition, if the depth of subsoiling is 25cm, the corresponding surface soil loosening width is 55cm, imagine that the phenomenon of 60cm row spacing is inevitable.

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