Fuel cell catalyst and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a fuel cell catalyst, which comprises a composite carrier and a noble metal, wherein the composite carrier is prepared by a rare earth oxide and a carbon carrier, and the noble metal is loaded on the composite carrier. The catalyst provided by the invention has excellent poisoning resisting capability. The invention also provides a preparation method of the fuel cell catalyst. The preparation method comprises the steps of: (1) mixing the carbon carrier with an acid salt solution containing rare earth element to obtain a suspension; (2) precipitating the rare earth element in the suspension with an alkaline matter to obtain a rare earth element hydroxide compounded carbon carrier; (3) sintering the rare earth element hydroxide compounded carbon carrier to obtain the composite carrier; and (4) mixing a noble metal precursor with the composite carrier, and carrying out microwave sintering to obtain the fuel cell catalyst. The preparation method provided by the invention is simple, controllable and high in production efficiency.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of fuel cells, in particular to a fuel cell catalyst and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] A direct liquid fuel cell is an electrochemical reaction device that directly uses liquid fuel (such as methanol, formic acid, ethanol) and oxygen in the air to convert chemical energy into electrical energy. Because of its high energy conversion efficiency, simple structure, safety and reliability, cleanliness, and no need for complicated external equipment such as reforming, heating, cooling devices, pressure pumps, fans, etc., it is considered to be the most likely to achieve commercial application first. Fields such as small portable mobile power supplies and sensors have broad application prospects. [0003] At present, direct liquid fuel cells generally use noble metal Pt or Pd as the main active component to be loaded on a carbon carrier with high specific surface area and good conductivity, but...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] At present, direct liquid fuel cells generally use noble metal Pt or Pd as the main active component to be loaded on a carbon carrier with high specific surface area and good conductivity, but because Pt or Pd catalysts are prone to poisoning during use, thereby reducing the activity of the catalyst

In order to improve the anti-poisoning ability of the catalyst, the researchers proposed to reduce the poisoning effect by modifying Pt or Pd, such as preparing binary or multi-element alloys of Pt or Pd and other metals, looking for more suitable catalyst supports such as carbon nanotubes, And the use of metal oxides to improve its activity, etc. Some researchers have also proposed different improved preparation methods to improve the performance of the corresponding catalysts, such as Chinese patents 02155255.X, 02116449.5, 200710031598.0. However, the effect of these methods on improving the anti-poisoning ability is not obvious

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