Pulverized coal ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a pulverized coal ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive and a preparation method and application thereof. The pulverized coal ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70.9-93.6 parts of porous granular ammonium nitrate, 1-25 parts of pulverized coal, and 4.1-5.4 parts of diesel oil. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) preparing the porous granular ammonium nitrate, pulverized coal and diesel oil according to the parts by weight; (2) uniformly mixing the porous granular ammonium nitrate, the pulverized coal and the diesel oil to obtain the pulverized coal ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive. The pulverized coal ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive is applied to surface mine blasting including rock loosening blasting, blasting for throwing rock and millisecond blasting. The pulverized coal ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive has great explosive power, wave impedance similar to that of rock, and high throwing rate in blasting for throwing rock, and has low unit consumption, good blasting effect and low cost in various blasting processes. The preparation method is simple. The blasting effect is good in the blasting process.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of coal mine blasting, in particular to a powdered coal ammonium oil explosive and its preparation method and application. Background technique [0002] Shenhua Zhuneng Group has two open-pit coal mines with an annual output of 30 million tons of raw coal. Rock and coal crushing mainly relies on blasting methods. The blasting methods currently used mainly include throwing blasting, pre-splitting blasting and loose blasting. The annual blasting volume is about 300 million square. [0003] At the beginning of 2007, the throwing blasting technology was introduced and implemented. The main process is to throw the rocks about 45 meters above the coal seam, and use the instantaneous working ability of the explosives to throw some rocks in front of the blasting area directly into the goaf, eliminating the need for blasting. The cost of truck transportation can be reduced. The calculation method of the throwing rate is the r...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0006] (1) At present, the rock properties of open-pit coal mines are mainly soft mud (shale) rocks. The loose blasting adopts triangular hole layout, the hole diameter is 250mm, the hole distance is 8-10 meters, the row distance is 7-9 meters, and the hole edge distance is 4.5-5. meters, the hole depth is 5-15 meters, and the unit consumption of explosives is 0.49kg / m 3 , higher unit consumption of explosives;

[0007] (2) At present, the throwing blasting of open-pit coal mines adopts triangular layout holes for differential blasting. The hole diameter is 310mm, the hole inclination angle is 65°, the hole distance is 10-12 meters, the row distance is 7-9 meters, the throwing rate is 32-34%, and the explosives are single. Consumption 0.65-0.85kg / m 3 ; Compared with the theoretical throwing rate of 20-45%, there is still a lot of room for improvement; the unit consumption of explosives is also higher;

[0008] (3) The rock properties of the open-pit coal mine are mainly soft mud (shale) rock, and the wave impedance of the rock mass is (4-10)×10 6 kg / m 2 s, the current wave impedance of porous granular ammonium oil explosives is 3.09×10 6 kg / m 2 s, according to the theory of blasting rock, the best effect of blasting is that the wave impedance of rock is similar to that of explosives, but the actual wave impedance of explosives is relatively small; the blasting effect is not ideal;

[0009] (4) There are many blasting techniques, and the performance matching and applicability of the matching explosive varieties need to be further increased;

[0010] (5) At present, there is no coal powdered ammonium oil explosives variety and approval, so there is currently no production line for coal powdered ammonium oil explosives, and the current on-site mixing production process is less, and the explosives produced by the on-site mixing production process It is mainly emulsion explosives and ammonium oil explosives, and coal powder ammonium oil explosives cannot be mass-produced by the on-site mixed explosives vehicle process

When coal powder reaches a certain concentration in the air, it is very dangerous if it encounters a fire source. If a large amount of coal powder is inhaled, it will cause direct injury to employees, and random discharge will also cause certain environmental pollution, which will bring great trouble to the disposal.

There is no recycling method for pulverized coal, and there is no good treatment method for cleaning and discharging pulverized coal. Therefore, a large amount of pulverized coal will not only cause environmental pollution, but also require huge investment in disposal

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