Aluminium-based composite material used for nuclear reactors to shield neutrons and gamma rays as well as preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of composite shielding material technology, and especially relates to an aluminium-based composite material used for nuclear reactors to shield neutrons and gamma rays as well as a preparation method thereof. The composite material employs pure aluminium as a basis material, and shielding components are tungsten and boron carbide; the mass percent of tungsten is 20-70%; the mass percent of boron carbide is 1-10%; the balances are aluminium and unavoidable impurities. The aluminium-based composite material with certain mechanical strength as well as excellent nuclear reactor neutron and gamma ray irradiation resisting properties is developed by using an isostatic compaction method according to needs of some nuclear power reactors; the material whose thickness is 10cm can ensure that the transmittance of gamma rays whose power spectrum is 0.1-2MeV is reduced to 20% or less, and at the same time absorption effects of the composite material to thermal neutrons are substantially obvious.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of composite shielding materials, and in particular relates to an aluminum-based composite material for a nuclear reactor shielding neutrons and gamma rays and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] With the popularization and application of nuclear technology, the research on nuclear radiation shielding has also received extensive attention. Among the radiation produced by the reactor, the most harmful ones are neutrons and gamma rays with high penetrating power. The main task of nuclear shielding design is to shield neutrons and gamma rays. Although neutrons have no charge, they have strong penetrating power. They can travel farther in air and other substances, and the harm to human body is more serious than that of X-rays with the same dose. Commonly used shielding materials are composed of materials containing heavy elements (such as lead), light elements (such as hydrogen in water...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, the currently commonly used shielding materials for nuclear reactors have some defects in certain properties, such as mechanical properties, heat resistance and processability, which lead to poor overall performance of the material.