Extracorporeal laser alignment and guidance system and positioning method for minimally invasive removal of intracranial hematoma

Abstract

The invention discloses a non-contact positioning auxiliary device for minimally invasive removal of intracranial hematoma. directional laser collimator and horizontal laser collimator. The far end of the horizontal telescopic arm is equipped with a vertical laser collimator, and the vertical fan-shaped laser surface emitted is perpendicular to the long axis of the telescopic arm, and the light source points downward to provide a guiding reference line mark; the far end of the vertical telescopic arm is equipped with a horizontal direction The laser collimator emits a fan-shaped laser surface that can be rotated along the optical axis of the laser through a rotating adjustment mechanism, and the right-angled adjustment arm keeps the laser surface and the vertical laser surface always in a vertical relationship. The present invention adopts the non-frame cantilever laser alignment and guidance technology to continuously and accurately guide the puncture needle during the operation, and the non-contact design increases the surgical field of view and avoids the space hindrance during the puncture process.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of medical equipment, and relates to a non-contact precise guiding puncture device for intracranial hematoma, in particular to an extracorporeal laser alignment and guiding system and positioning method for minimally invasive removal of intracranial hematoma. Background technique [0002] Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) refers to spontaneous hemorrhage in non-traumatic brain parenchyma. The vast majority are caused by the rupture of blood vessels due to arteriosclerosis in high blood pressure. About 1 / 3 of hypertensive patients will have cerebral hemorrhage, and about 95% of cerebral hemorrhage patients have high blood pressure. Cerebral hemorrhage is a common acute cerebrovascular disease in middle-aged and elderly people, with high mortality and disability rates. According to statistics from the European Stroke Association, the 1-year survival rate of patients with cerebral hemorrhage is only 46%[Steiner ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0004] Minimally invasive intracranial hematoma evacuation has a low clinical technical threshold and is a medical and health technology that is suitable and has been promoted at the grassroots level. However, the hematoma is located in the brain and cannot be directly observed with the naked eye. The commonly used head and face physiological body surface markers cannot meet the requirements of precise puncture. Require

Whether it is soft channel or hard channel puncture, hematoma location and needle insertion path are often assisted by cranial CT and square ruler, mainly relying on naked eyes and clinical experience. Complications such as severe tissue damage

The most clinically used method is to simulate the midsagittal plane of the skull with a flat plate and the front of the skull, and judge the vertical relationship between the puncture needle and the plane with the naked eye, as well as the relationship between the puncture needle and the collimated plane of CT examination. The method is rough and lacks scientificity.

The 2014 version of the technical specifications for minimally invasive puncture removal of intracranial hematoma introduced the technical method of using an auxiliary locator in the mode of external fixation to increase the positioning accuracy, but the operation steps are cumbersome, the equipment is complicated, the technical threshold is high, and there are contact locators. Increase the risk of intracranial infection rate, the actual clinical use rate is not high

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