Method for processing poor-quality heavy oil and/or poor-quality residue

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for processing poor-quality heavy oil and / or poor-quality residue, comprising: delivering poor-quality heavy oil and / or poor-quality residue into a slurry bed reactor to make contact with a hydrogenation catalyst, carrying out first hydrogenation, delivering into a high-pressure separator for separation to obtain hydrogen-bearing gas from the top of the high-pressure separator, a liquid component from the middle and heavy material containing the hydrogenation catalyst from the bottom, delivering the liquid component into a fixed bed reactor to carry out second hydrogenation, and returning at least part of the obtained heavy material containing the hydrogenation catalyst to the slurry bed reactor, wherein the first hydrogenation conditions enable conversion depth of the poor-quality heavy oil and / or poor-quality residue to be not greater than 50%. The method enables treatment for poor-quality heavy oil and / or poor-quality residue with poor physical properties, it can be ensured that substantially zero coking or little coking occurs in the slurry bed reactor and a pipeline, high yield of light oil products can be achieved, and operation cycle of the fixed bed reactor is prolonged.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for processing inferior heavy oil and / or inferior residual oil. Background technique [0002] Crude oil has become heavy and inferior worldwide, and the proportion of residual oil obtained after primary processing of crude oil has increased sharply. In addition, the processing volume of crude oil has increased year by year, and the output of residual oil has risen sharply. At the same time, crude oil reserves are gradually declining, the market demand for light oil products is increasing year by year, and the price difference between light crude oil and heavy crude oil is also increasing. These factors urgently require the development of residual oil / heavy oil light and efficient use of new technologies. [0003] At present, the technologies for lightening residual oil / heavy oil mainly include two processes: decarburization and hydrogenation. In the decarbonization process, the yield of light oil is low and the produc...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, there are two deficiencies in the fixed bed process: one is poor adaptability to raw materials, when the Ni+V content of the raw materials is greater than or equal to 200 μg / g, trace carbon residue is greater than or equal to 15% by weight, or the content of asphaltene is greater than or equal to 7 It is more difficult to process at weight %; the second is that the operation cycle is short, and the catalyst is deactivated faster due to carbon deposition and metal deposition

This method pursues a higher conversion rate in the slurry bed reactor, so the yield of the light oil product obtained is relatively high, but it also produces a lot of coking and more dry gas at the same time, and the light oil product obtained requires Secondary treatment such as hydrofinishing, resulting in low conversion of residual oil and / or heavy oil in the overall process

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