A fuel cell low temperature starting system and operation method

Abstract

The invention provides a fuel cell low-temperature startup system and an operation method. The low-temperature startup system includes: a fuel cell system and a coolant circulation system; the coolant circulation system includes: an air-coolant heat exchanger, a hydrogen ‑Coolant heat exchanger, hydrogen catalytic combustion heat exchanger, water pump, radiator; air‑coolant heat exchanger on the air delivery line of the fuel cell system; hydrogen‑coolant heat exchanger on the hydrogen delivery line; hydrogen The catalytic combustion heat exchanger is used to heat up the cooling liquid circulating in the cooling liquid circulation system and communicate with the hydrogen source of the fuel cell system through the first hydrogen delivery branch; circulate in the circulatory system. The above-mentioned low-temperature start-up system can realize rapid start-up of the fuel cell in a low-temperature environment, and ensure the operating life of the fuel cell at low temperature, which can effectively reduce the failure rate of the fuel cell in low-temperature operation.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a vehicle-mounted fuel cell technology, in particular to a fuel cell low-temperature starting system and operation method. Background technique [0002] In the application of fuel cells, low-temperature start-up and low-temperature operation have become inevitable issues. Vehicle fuel cells must have good cold start (that is, low temperature start) characteristics. The biggest problem of cold start is that water forms ice at low temperature, which hinders the diffusion of hydrogen and air inside the proton exchange membrane and the removal of water generated by the cathode of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell, thus causing the failure of cold start. [0003] At present, if a proton exchange membrane fuel cell wants to generate electricity, it needs to be humidified, and under the action of water, protons can pass through the membrane electrodes to generate current. However, at temperatures below 0°C, the water inside the...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

In the prior art, the ice inside the fuel cell can be reduced by purging and other treatments, but there will still be a small amount of ice crystals inside the fuel cell, which will affect the mass transfer and proton transfer, making the fuel cell unable to start or start too slowly

[0004] Furthermore, if the above-mentioned process of ice formation from water in a low-temperature environment occurs near the catalytic surface in the fuel cell stack, it will affect further electrochemical reactions and even cause the proton exchange membrane electrode to peel off and be damaged.

[0005] For this reason, the low-temperature start-up method of multiple fuel cell systems is provided in the prior art, which can effectively realize the rapid start-up of the fuel cell, but cannot guarantee the effective operation of the fuel cell at low temperature.

Images