Method and device for preparing micro-nano gradient structure on surface layer of metal component

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and device for preparing a micro-nano gradient structure on a surface layer of a metal component and belongs to the fields of nanometer material preparation, material surface modification treatment and plastic processing. The device for preparing the micro-nano gradient structure on the surface layer of the metal component mainly comprises rollers, a roller frame, a roller advancing and retreating adjusting mechanism, a roller frame fixing and advancing mechanism and a lubricating and cooling system. The roller advancing and retreating adjusting mechanism has the functions of independent fine adjustment advancing and retreating of each roller and synchronous adjustment of advancing and retreating of the multiple rollers. By the adoption of the method and device for preparing the micro-nano gradient structure on the surface layer of the metal component, micro-nano superfine gradient structures can be achieved on the surface layers of the shaft type, the pipe type, the roller type, the spinning core model type and other types of revolution solid metal components having different diameters and large sizes, the surface quality of the processed component is high, batch production and environment-friendly production are easy to achieve, the preparation efficiency is high, and the method and device for preparing the micro-nano gradient structure on the surface layer of the metal component is beneficial for promoting industrial large-scale batch production and application of the metal material surface nanometer technology.

Description

technical field [0001] The present invention relates to a method and device for preparing micro-nano gradient structures on the surface of metal components, and in particular provides a new plastic deformation method for preparing micro-nano gradient structures on the surface of large-sized metal components, which is easy to batch and can realize industrial scale preparation. technology, which belongs to the field of nanomaterial preparation, material surface modification treatment and plastic processing. Background technique [0002] The micro-nano gradient structure is prepared on the surface of the metal component, which can obtain mechanical properties that match the strength and plasticity, and at the same time improve the fatigue performance of the metal component. The methods for preparing micro-nano structures on the surface of metal materials through severe plastic deformation technology mainly include: ultrasonic shot peening, high-energy shot peening, surface ultr...

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Problems solved by technology

[0005] The Chinese invention patents "A method of nanosizing the surface of metal materials using sliding friction (application number: 201110277356.6)" and "method for nanosizing the surface of metal plates using pressure sliding rolling (application number: 200510110985.4)" disclose the use of repeated cycles of sliding friction The surface grain size of the metal material is reduced to nanometer size, and the nanometerization of the metal material surface is finally realized; the Chinese invention patent (application number: 201110277356.6) uses a hard alloy ball to slide on the metal surface, the contact area is small, and the strain of the friction surface With a large strain rate, severe plastic deformation occurs on the surface and the grains are refined. This method has low preparation efficiency and is difficult to meet the requirements of actual industrial production; the Chinese invention patent (application number: 200510110985.4) adopts the vertical pressure sliding rolling plate Into the surface of the metal plate, the pressure sliding rolling plate is fixed when the metal plate moves, so that sliding and rolling occur between the metal plate and the pressure sliding rolling plate, so that the surface structure of the metal plate undergoes strong plastic deformation at a high strain rate to form nano Crystal surface layer, from the perspective of plastic processing technology, the patent should be plate drawing, the surface layer of this method is mainly subjected to compressive stress and tensile stress, the effect of shear stress is small, and the strain (shear deformation) of the metal surface layer is relatively large. Small, the ability to refine the structure is weak, although this method can realize the nanometerization of the surface of large-sized metal plates, but there are problems such as low nanometerization efficiency of the surface of metal materials and the surface is not smooth enough.

[0006] The above-mentioned method of preparing micro-nano gradient structures on the surface of metal components still has many deficiencies in terms of industrial scale, high-efficiency batch production, and environmentally friendly production, and it is difficult to meet the needs of actual industrial production.

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