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Ultrafine nanocrystalline germanium-based material and preparation method and application thereof

An ultra-fine nano and nano crystal technology, applied in the field of materials science, can solve the problems of cycle instability, large volume deformation of germanium-based materials, and difficulty in large-scale preparation, and achieve the effects of low cost, simple operation, and broad application prospects

Active Publication Date: 2018-02-16
TSINGHUA UNIV
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  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

[0004] Based on the above considerations, the present invention has developed an ultra-fine nanocrystalline germanium-based material for the problems of large volume deformation and unstable cycle of the current germanium-based materials, and proposed a simple, low-cost, and large-scale application Preparation method of ultrafine nanocrystalline germanium-based material
[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the current problems of large volume deformation of germanium-based materials, unstable circulation, and difficulty in large-scale preparation of nano-materials. Therefore, a kind of ultra-fine nanocrystalline germanium-based material is developed, and a simple and easy-to-use, Preparation method of ultrafine nanocrystalline germanium-based material with low cost and large-scale application

Method used

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  • Ultrafine nanocrystalline germanium-based material and preparation method and application thereof
  • Ultrafine nanocrystalline germanium-based material and preparation method and application thereof

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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0041] Example 1 is used to illustrate the preparation method of the ultrafine nanocrystalline germanium-based material of the present invention.

[0042] The specific preparation process is as follows: Figure 6 In the shown device, the elemental germanium powder is placed in a heated reaction vessel and slowly vacuumed until the vacuum degree is 10Pa. Afterwards, the heated reaction vessel was heated up to 1100° C. at a rate of 5° C. per minute and maintained for 4 hours, and then the heated reactor was cooled to room temperature, and an ultrafine nanocrystalline germanium-based material was obtained at the collecting end. The yield is 20%.

Embodiment 2

[0044] Example 2 is used to illustrate the preparation method of the ultrafine nanocrystalline germanium-based material of the present invention.

[0045] The specific preparation process is as follows: Figure 6 In the shown device, a mixture of elemental germanium powder and germanium oxide (weight ratio 1:1) is placed in a heated reaction vessel and slowly vacuumed until the vacuum degree is 10Pa. Afterwards, the mixture was heated up to 1100° C. at a rate of 5° C. per minute and maintained for 4 hours, and then the reaction vessel was cooled to room temperature, and an ultrafine nanocrystalline germanium-based material was obtained at the collecting end. The yield is 80%.

[0046] Measure the X-ray diffraction spectrum (XRD) of gained ultrafine nanocrystalline germanium-based material, the result is as follows figure 1 shown.

[0047] The X-ray diffraction spectrum (XRD) shows that the position 2θ of the main germanium peak is 27.3°, the main peak width at half maximum ...

Embodiment 3

[0049]Example 3 is used to illustrate that the ultrafine nanocrystalline germanium-based material of the present invention is used as the negative electrode material of lithium-ion batteries.

[0050] The ultra-fine nanocrystalline germanium-based material described in Examples 1 and 2 is assembled into a lithium-ion battery, and the assembly of the simulated battery is carried out in a glove box containing a high-purity Ar atmosphere, with metallic lithium as the counter electrode, and 1 mole of LiPF 6 A solution in 1 liter of EC / DMC mixed solvent (volume ratio 1:1) was used as electrolyte, and assembled into a battery. The constant current charge and discharge test was carried out using a charge and discharge instrument produced by Wuhan Landian Electronics Co., Ltd. The discharge cut-off voltage was 0.005V, and the charge cut-off voltage was 1V. The test was carried out at a current density of C / 10.

[0051] The test results are shown in Table 1 and figure 2 and 3 As sho...

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Abstract

The invention discloses an ultrafine nanocrystalline germanium-based material and a preparation method and application thereof. A 2theta range of a main peak position of an X-ray diffraction spectrum(XRD) of the ultrafine nanocrystalline germanium-based material is between 26 degrees and 28 degrees; the half-width of the main peak of a diffraction peak is 0.3-1.6rad; and the size of nanocrystalline is 2-20nm. The ultrafine nanocrystalline germanium-based material has the characteristics of high capacity and stable cycle. The preparation method of the ultrafine nanocrystalline germanium-basedmaterial is simple, feasible and low in cost and large-scale application can be implemented.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of material science, in particular to a nano-scale crystalline germanium-based material, its preparation method and application. Background technique [0002] Since lithium-ion batteries were commercialized by Sony Corporation in 1990, the conventional anode materials for lithium-ion batteries are mainly graphite materials. At present, the specific capacity of high-end graphite can reach 360-365mAh / g, which is close to the theoretical value of 372mAh / g. Room for improvement. As the negative electrode material of next-generation lithium-ion batteries, the theoretical capacity of germanium is 1623mAh / g, which is much higher than that of graphite. In addition, in the current research, germanium not only has high capacity but also has good cycleability and safety. More importantly, germanium materials are easier to enter lithium ions than graphite materials when intercalating lithium, and the charging rate is better than...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): H01M4/36H01M4/02
CPCH01M4/02H01M4/36Y02E60/10
Inventor 邱新平罗飞
Owner TSINGHUA UNIV
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