Lithium metal battery negative electrode dendritic crystal inhibitor and using method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a lithium metal battery negative electrode dendritic crystal inhibitor and a using method thereof. Before assembling of a lithium metal battery, a lithium metal negative electrode is subjected to dipping pretreatment through the lithium metal battery negative electrode dendritic crystal inhibitor, and the lithium metal negative electrode can react with polyamine in a solution, so that a Li-N-CX composite layer is formed; after assembling of the lithium metal battery, an SEI (Solid Electrolyte Inactivation) protective film which is higher in Li3N content and is good instability can be formed when the negative electrode is charged at the first time, so that dendritic crystal growth of a lithium negative electrode under large current can be inhibited, and depositionof the lithium metal negative electrode can be more uniform. The lithium metal battery negative electrode dendritic crystal inhibitor disclosed by the invention is capable of inhibiting the growth oflithium dendritic crystal of the lithium metal negative electrode, and formation of dead lithium can be reduced; under a large-current charging and discharging condition of a lithium metal electrode battery treated by the lithium metal battery negative electrode dendritic crystal inhibitor, the number of charge-discharge cycles is obviously increased.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of lithium metal batteries, in particular to a lithium metal negative electrode dendrite inhibitor and a method for using the same. Background technique [0002] With the rapid development and application of portable charging and discharging equipment, metallic lithium, as the lightest metal in nature, is widely used in various batteries, such as lithium-ion batteries, lithium metal batteries, lithium-air batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, etc. Due to its outstanding safety performance, lithium-ion batteries have been rapidly developed and recognized by the market in recent years. However, the energy density of lithium-ion batteries is lower than that of lithium metal batteries that directly use metal lithium as the negative electrode, and it is difficult to meet the growing market demands. Large capacity needs. The application of lithium metal batteries with higher capacity density, lithium air, and lithium oxygen...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0003] The main problem currently existing in lithium metal batteries is that during the charging process, when the metal lithium ion cathode receives electrons and is reduced to metal, due to the inhomogeneous flow of lithium ion concentration at the solid-liquid interface, the lithium ion concentration is higher in the place where the ion transmission is fast. The growth rate of metal lithium in the direction is faster, so it will form a dendritic "dendritic lithium"

When "dendritic lithium" grows to a certain extent, it will pierce the diaphragm, causing an internal short circuit in the battery, which seriously threatens the safety of users' lives and property.

In addition, lithium dendrites are easy to fall off into the electrolyte during charging and discharging, resulting in a rapid decline in the Coulombic efficiency of the battery after multiple cycles. These are the problems we need to deal with in the development and practical application of lithium metal batteries

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