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A method for harmless separation of aluminum electrolysis waste cathode carbon blocks

A technology of aluminum electrolysis waste cathode and separation method, applied in aluminum fluoride, aluminum halide and other directions, can solve problems such as separation, and achieve the effect of reducing cost, low price and single process

Active Publication Date: 2020-12-25
NORTHEASTERN UNIV LIAONING
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0005] In order to solve the technical problem that the existing technology must rely on the consumption of a large amount of acid and alkali to completely separate the carbon slag and the aluminum electrolyte in the waste cathode carbon block of aluminum electrolysis, the present invention provides a kind of high-risk solid that can be produced in the aluminum electrolysis industry. Waste carbon block is harmless, can completely separate carbon slag and aluminum electrolyte, and is a low-cost aluminum electrolysis waste cathode carbon block and aluminum electrolyte separation method

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0029] Take 500g of waste cathode carbon blocks from a certain factory (the content of aluminum electrolyte is 25%), take 1500ml of 1mol / L sulfuric acid solution, put it into a beaker and heat it with electromagnetic stirring, and use a pH meter and a fluoride ion selective electrode to monitor the acidity change in the neutralization process and changes in the concentration of fluoride ions. The leaching temperature is 80°C, the stirring speed is 300r / min, the pH value is 2, and when the fluoride ion concentration in the solution is greater than 1g / L, the calculated fluoride ion leaching rate is 95%, and the leaching ends. The leaching solution is filtered, and the obtained filter residue is washed and dried to obtain a carbon powder product.

[0030] Put the filtrate into the reactor, add 1mol / L aluminum sulfate solution for fluoride precipitation, the temperature is 20°C-90°C, preferably 70°C, control the fluoride ion concentration in the solution, when the fluoride ion con...

Embodiment 2

[0032] Get 15000g of waste cathode carbon block (20% aluminum electrolyte content) from a certain factory, get 100L 1mol / L concentration sulfuric acid solution, put into the reactor and heat and stir, adopt acidity meter and fluoride ion selective electrode to monitor the acidity change and The concentration of fluoride ions in the solution changes. The leaching temperature is 50°C, the stirring speed is 300r / min, the pH value is 3, and when the fluoride ion concentration in the solution is greater than 0.5g / L, the calculated fluoride ion leaching rate is 98%, and the leaching is terminated. The leaching solution is filtered, and the obtained filter residue is washed and dried to obtain a carbon powder product.

[0033] Put the filtrate into the reactor, add 1mol / L aluminum sulfate solution for fluoride precipitation, the temperature is 70°C, control the fluoride ion concentration in the solution, when the fluoride ion concentration in the solution is lower than 0.01g / L, filte...

Embodiment 3

[0035] Take 50kg of waste cathode carbon blocks from a factory (the content of aluminum electrolyte is 25%), take 500L of 1mol / L sulfuric acid solution, put it into the reactor to heat and use electromagnetic stirring, and use a acidity meter and a fluoride ion selective electrode to monitor the acidity of the neutralization process Changes and changes in the concentration of fluoride ions in the solution. The leaching temperature is 30°C, the stirring speed is 300r / min, and when the fluoride ion concentration in the solution is greater than 0.3g / L, the calculated fluoride ion leaching rate is 97%, and the leaching ends. The leaching solution is filtered, and the obtained filter residue is washed and dried to obtain a carbon powder product.

[0036] Put the filtrate into the reactor, add 1mol / L aluminum sulfate solution for fluoride precipitation, the temperature is 50°C, control the fluoride ion concentration in the solution, when the fluoride ion concentration in the solutio...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for harmless separation of aluminum electrolysis waste cathode carbon blocks, which belongs to the technical field of inorganic chemistry. The main steps include: S1, crush and screen the aluminum electrolysis waste cathode carbon blocks to obtain carbon block particles; S2, prepare an acid solution with a concentration of 1 mol / L for later use; S3, put the carbon block particles obtained in step S1 into step S2. The prepared acid solution is leached under heating and stirring conditions to obtain a leaching solution; S4. Filter the leaching solution obtained in step S3 to separate the filtrate and filter residue. The filter residue is washed and dried to obtain a carbon powder product; S5. Add a salt solution to the filtrate of step S4 for fluorine precipitation to obtain a fluorine precipitation solution; S6. Filter the fluorine precipitation solution of step S5 to separate the filtrate and filter cake. The filter cake is washed and dried to obtain Basic metal fluoride products. The invention can obtain aluminum electrolyte with higher purity suitable for industrial electrolytic aluminum production, and recover fluorine salt, and no waste is generated in the whole process.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for harmless separation of waste cathode carbon blocks in aluminum electrolysis, in particular to a method for leaching and filtering fluorine salts in waste cathode carbon blocks by using an acidic aluminum-containing solution, and belongs to the technical field of inorganic chemistry. Background technique [0002] With the rapid development of my country's electrolytic aluminum industry, the current annual production capacity is close to 40 million tons, accounting for more than half of the world's primary aluminum production capacity. In the production process of aluminum electrolysis, the carbon cathode is the most important structural part of the aluminum electrolytic cell. Above the carbon cathode for aluminum electrolysis is the aluminum liquid and electrolyte, and the electrolytic reaction of aluminum precipitation is carried out on the interface between it and aluminum. The DC current is exported out of the ta...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): C25C3/18C01F7/54
CPCC01F7/54C25C3/18
Inventor 王兆文陶文举杨酉坚石忠宁刘风国于江玉
Owner NORTHEASTERN UNIV LIAONING
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