Spiral type variable capacity buffer and work method thereof

The invention relates to a spiral type variable capacity buffer and a work method thereof. The variable capacity buffer comprises a cylinder body, a first piston, a first piston rod, a bump head, anda valve block; the first piston, the first piston rod and the bump head are sequentially connected, the first piston is located in the cylinder body, the cylinder body is sealed through the first endcover, a spiral line groove is formed in the first piston, a magnetically controlled shape memory alloy block is arranged in the spiral line groove, the position, between the bump head and the first end cover, of the first piston rod is sleeved with a first reset spring, an electromagnetic coil is arranged on the periphery of the cylinder body, and the bottom of the cylinder body is connected withthe valve block. Compared with a common spiral line groove structure, the buffer has the beneficial effects that a series of spiral grooves are formed in the piston, the magnetically controlled shapememory alloy block is arranged in the groove of the first piston, according to various working conditions, the capacity of the spiral line grooves can be adjusted in a self-adaptation manner, the local resistance is changed, good controllability is achieved, the magnetically controlled shape memory alloy block is high in deforming response speed, the circulation capacity of the spiral line grooves can be rapidly adjusted, and the buffer range of the buffer is large.