Attitude-controllable laser milling composite polishing synchronous machining method

Abstract

The invention discloses an attitude-controllable laser milling composite polishing synchronous machining method. The method comprises the following steps that an area to be machined on the surface ofa workpiece is milled by using a first laser beam, and a second laser beam is adopted to carry out polishing treatment on the milled area on the surface of the workpiece, wherein the fusion depth of milling treatment by the first laser beam on the workpiece is larger than the fusion depth of polishing treatment by the second laser beam on the workpiece. According to the method, by means of high-speed laser milling and vector controllable laser polishing composite synchronous machining, high-integrity surface machining with coordinated efficiency and quality is realized, the laser milled surface is rapidly leveled, and the features present different structures and properties at different space positions, region selection planning is carried out, different process strategies are adopted in different regions, multi-axis laser polishing machining is carried out by regulating and controlling space vectors, and application of fixed-axis or variable-axis laser milling composite fine polishingsynchronous machining is achieved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention particularly relates to a method for synchronous processing of attitude-controllable laser milling and compound polishing, which belongs to the technical field of processing hard and brittle materials or other advanced functional materials. Background technique [0002] Laser has the advantages of controllable energy, high energy density, wide range of material adaptation, no contact, almost no cutting force, and clean and environmentally friendly. Laser processing can effectively solve the complex features and microstructure functions of difficult-to-process materials that are difficult to solve in traditional processing or other special processing. Chemical processing problems. Laser milling uses the high-frequency characteristics of the laser to achieve multi-pulse overlapping, so that the material melting, gasification, plasma state and other evolutions will occur in the action area. It has high resolution in the XY plane and Z direct...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0005] At present, the functional structural features are difficult to process, the geometric accuracy and surface integrity of hard and brittle materials are difficult to guarantee, the materials are easily damaged, and the processing efficiency is low

There are the following problems in this field: high material hardness, high brittleness, severe tool wear, burrs, easy to pull out fibers, poor processing consistency, and difficult to improve efficiency during conventional mechanical / ultrasonic processing; The efficiency is difficult to guarantee, and the realization of large material removal rate processing is often at the cost of the loss of surface quality; when the relative attitude between the laser beam and the normal vector of the processing point, the scanning speed direction, etc. changes, the high integrity surface laser processing The key issues involved in microcracks, slag, recasting layer, space vector effect and continuous controllability of laser processing are still unclear

[0006] Laser milling has obvious advantages in specific application conditions. The process effect of laser oblique incidence can be better than that of vertical incidence. Laser milling still has technological bottlenecks in typical applications such as large-depth milling of planar features, complex feature sidewall processing, and high-curvature surface processing.

The laser spot has a significant impact on the material removal process, and the power density induced by laser spot defocusing in near-vertical surface processing decreases, which in turn increases the difficulty of side laser processing

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