Self-stabilization type high-precision sediment bed load measuring system and measuring method

Abstract

The invention relates to a self-stabilization type high-precision sediment bed load measuring system and a measuring method. The measuring method comprises the steps of determining a measuring river reach; selecting a measuring section; planning a position of a depth measuring ship; positioning the depth measuring ship in place; carrying out measurement early-stage preparation work; simultaneouslystarting measurement at two points; processing original data; and calculating and outputting a result. In the invention, a motion form and characteristics of sand waves on a surface of a riverbed areobtained by stably and accurately measuring a riverbed form of the river reach so that a single-width bed load sediment transport rate of the riverbed is accurately measured and analyzed in real timeunder a condition that original sediment transport and water flow of the riverbed are not interfered.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a self-stabilizing high-precision sediment mass measurement system and a measurement method, which belong to the related technologies of water conservancy projects. Background technique [0002] Push mass, also known as bed sand load, bottom load, push load, and traction load, refers to the sediment particles that roll, move, jump or move in layers along the river bottom in the water flow. (referred to as bed sand) is often exchanged, which is one of the key issues in sediment research; in mountainous rivers, the movement intensity of rolling and jumping is often very large, making the material exchange between sediment and river bed particularly frequent , which has a huge impact on the change of the riverbed surface shape, so the study on the sediment transport rate of the flow mass is of great significance, and, in many hydraulic projects, the flow mass is the main factor of reservoir siltation and channel blockage , so the...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] The sediment transport rate is a parameter used to measure the movement intensity of the transport mass. Its measurement is very important for hydraulic engineering or related research. One of the important references; however, the complexity of the sediment on the river bed and its boundaries, as well as the non-uniformity of factors such as waves and currents have made it extremely difficult to measure and analyze the displacement mass

In recent years, many researchers in this technical field have proposed various methods for measuring and analyzing the transport mass under relatively stable conditions. However, for the measurement of transport mass under severe weather with strong winds and waves, which is very important to hydraulic engineering, there are not many methods so far. Good way to get accurate measurements

[0004] At present, there are mainly three types of measurement systems and methods for the rate of sediment transport in China. They are more or less flawed, or the measurement results are inaccurate due to the large disturbance of the original terrain, or due to the influence of water waves, the measuring instruments Without good fixation, the measurement accuracy is poor

For example, in the first category, the sampler is placed on the original river bed for sampling, and the sediment transport rate is measured by the change of the sediment sampled at different times (application number 201811133449.X). The sampler itself of this method will produce resistance to the water flow and change The original water flow and sediment transport conditions of the sediment lead to certain errors in the sampling and measurement results

Simultaneously, the measuring method of the sampler is too traditional, lacks the requirements of automation, real-time, and digitalization, and it is troublesome to implement; 201310508489.9), this method has less disturbance to the water flow and can obtain higher measurement accuracy, but it is difficult to ensure that the surface of the riverbed after digging and burying the experimental device is consistent with the height of the original riverbed surface. damage, it is difficult to guarantee the accuracy of measurement; the third method is to measure the movement speed of sand wave and the average height of sand wave, and use the related parameters of sand wave to obtain the rate of sediment transport (application number 201711102626.3). Although this method overcomes the Disturbance of the original river bed maintains the original sand transport conditions, but for rivers with large waves, due to the influence of waves, the elevation of the measuring instrument is not fixed, and it uses two sand wave movements at different times, without Considering the influence of the secondary flow on the shape of the sand wave, it is difficult to guarantee the accuracy of the measurement results

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