A comprehensive prevention and control method of annual nitrogen leaching from wheat-corn in brown loam area

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for comprehensive prevention and control of annual nitrogen leaching loss of wheat-corn in brown loam soil area. The main technical points include compound (mixed) fertilizer + slow-release urea + straw decomposing agent + water-saving irrigation. The method adopts compound (mixed) fertilizer + slow-release urea treatment, which can not only guarantee the nutrient demand of wheat and corn throughout the growth cycle, but also effectively avoid nitrogen redundancy in the field, so as to minimize nitrogen leaching loss; The implementation of straw deep return + straw decomposing agent treatment can promote the full decomposition of the returned straw and the full release of nutrients, so that the crops can effectively use the nutrients in the straw, so as to reduce the amount of fertilizer application, and then reduce the risk of nitrogen leaching; The water irrigation method can control the soil moisture depth more accurately, which can not only meet the water demand of crops, but also avoid the waste of water resources and nitrogen leaching caused by excessive irrigation.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural environmental protection, and in particular relates to a method for controlling nitrogen leaching loss in farmland, in particular to a method for comprehensive prevention and control of annual nitrogen leaching loss of wheat-corn in brown loam soil area. Background technique [0002] Nitrogen is an essential nutrient element for crop growth and plays an important role in increasing crop yield and improving product quality. However, due to unreasonable application of fertilizers and improper management of farmland, the surplus nutrients in farmland soil are easy to flow with water under rainfall or irrigation conditions. loss, leading to a decline in the quality of the ecological environment. Nitrogen leaching is one of the main ways to cause nitrogen loss in farmland soil. It not only affects the utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer, causes waste of resources, but also causes environmental...

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Problems solved by technology

[0005] However, there are a series of problems and deficiencies in the existing technology: 1) There is still a lack of special technology for brown loam soil. As mentioned above, the characteristics of nitrogen migration in different soil types are different, resulting in the existing nitrogen leaching resistance control technology. The applicability on brown loam soil is not ideal; 2) Existing technologies often only monitor single-season crop data during the technical implementation process, such as the patent "Method for preventing and controlling soil nitrate leaching by using corn and soybean intercropping mode" (ZL 201310049376.7 ), mainly for the corn growing season, without considering the wheat season which also has the risk of nitrogen leaching; 3) the existing technology often only considers the control of a single factor for unilateral regulation, such as, "a kind of control of nitrogen in farmland Method of leaching" (ZL201610965805.9) mainly uses biological nitrogen pump to control nitrogen leaching in farmland, "a fertilization method to reduce soil nitrate leaching" (ZL201510383709.9) and "a method to reduce soil nitrate nitrogen leaching Lost scallion fertilization method" (ZL201310060360.6) mainly controls farmland nitrogen leaching from the perspective of fertilization

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