Straw returning method based on corn and covering crop cultivation

A technology of cover crops and corn stalks, which is applied in the fields of grain cultivation, soil preparation methods, agricultural machinery and implements, etc., can solve the problems of aggravated crop diseases, increased soil pathogens, lack of seedling carbon-nitrogen ratio, etc., and achieves the suppression of field weeds and Effects of growth and moisture retention

Inactive Publication Date: 2020-09-25
NORTHEAST INST OF GEOGRAPHY & AGRIECOLOGY C A S
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0003] In order to solve the problems that the current corn stalk treatment method will lead to the increase of soil pathogens, the aggravation of crop diseas

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

specific Embodiment approach 1

[0010] Specific implementation mode 1: This implementation mode is based on the cultivation method of corn and cover crops to return the straw to the field, and the specific method is carried out according to the following steps:

[0011] 1. Planting of crops: plant corn first, and cover crops are planted during the period when the corn leaves are fully unfolded, and the planting position is between the corn rows;

[0012] 2. Straw leaving the field: After the corn is harvested, take three rows of corn as a unit, take out one row of corn stalks in the middle of the three rows of corn and leave the field, and keep the remaining corn stalks and cover crops in the field;

[0013] 3. Straw crushing and landfilling: crush and mix the harvested corn stalks and the aboveground parts of cover crops, and then turn them into the field for deep burial at a depth of 20-30cm; that is, the straw is returned to the field.

[0014] In the first step of this embodiment, the corn is planted in ...

specific Embodiment approach 2

[0019] Embodiment 2: The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the cover crop in step 1 is sweet potato or alfalfa. Others are the same as the first embodiment.

Embodiment 1

[0021] A production test was carried out in Changchun City, Jilin Province. The test site was a spring corn planting area. The cultivation method based on corn and cover crops of the present invention was used to return straw to the field. The specific method was carried out according to the following steps:

[0022] 1. Planting of crops: first plant corn, and plant vetch after 3 to 8 full leaf expansion stages of corn. The planting position is between the corn rows, and the corn is planted in the spring corn planting area. According to local production habits and farming seasons, Spring corn is planted in good time, and the planting density of corn is 50,000 plants / ha. Except that no post-emergence herbicide is used, other agronomic measures are the same as those of the local production field; the planting method of cover crops is drill or on-demand, and the planting density is the same as that of planting beans alone. The density of cover crops is consistent, and the sowing r...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a straw returning method based on corn and covering crop cultivation, and relates to a straw returning method. The method solves the problems of soil pathogen increase, crop disease aggravation and seedling shortage caused by the existing corn straw treatment method and the problem that the carbon-nitrogen ratio is easy to be too high. The method comprises the following steps: 1, planting crops; 2, performing separating of the straws from the field; and 3, performing crushing and burying of the straws. The method provided by the invention solves the problem that the carbon-nitrogen ratio after straw treatment is easy to be too high, and solves the problems of germ increase, crop disease aggravation and seedling shortage caused by straw treatment.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for returning straw to the field. Background technique [0002] As the first of the three major food crops in China, corn has great production potential, and the planting area and yield per unit area are increasing continuously. To increase corn yields, growers are increasing the use of chemical fertilizers. Excessive use of chemical fertilizers not only directly leads to an increase in the production cost of planting, but also causes a series of problems such as soil compaction and soil nutrient balance imbalance. Studies have shown that returning straw directly to the field is an effective way to solve the above problems. After the straw is returned to the field to decompose, the content of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in the soil increases; the content of soil organic matter is balanced, the soil structure is improved, the soil is loosened, the porosity is increased, the bulk density is reduced, and the act...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): A01B79/02A01G22/20
CPCA01B79/02A01G22/20Y02P60/20
Inventor 刘胜群李向楠
Owner NORTHEAST INST OF GEOGRAPHY & AGRIECOLOGY C A S
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