A fatigue-resistant high-pressure hydrogen storage container for a hydrogen refueling station

Abstract

The invention discloses a fatigue-resistant high-pressure hydrogen storage container for a hydrogen refueling station. The device adopts a non-welded double-layer cylinder structure, the inner container is a large-volume seamless gas cylinder, and the outer container is a two-petal combined large-volume seamless Gas cylinders are connected by flanges, and the inner container is supported in the outer container through gaskets and gas inlet / outlet pipes at both ends of the container. When in use, the inner container is filled with high-pressure hydrogen, and the outer container is filled with high-pressure nitrogen as a balance gas. The stress level of the inner container is adjusted by balancing the gas pressure, and the crack growth driving force of the inner container is reduced. The inner container can be made of austenitic stainless steel with good hydrogen compatibility, and the outer container can be made of high-strength steel to withstand high-pressure nitrogen. The invention effectively solves the problem of hydrogen embrittlement of the current single-layer hydrogen storage container material, and also overcomes the complex manufacturing process of the existing multi-layer high-pressure hydrogen storage device, many and dense welds, difficult welding quality control, long production cycle and high cost Shortcomings.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of new energy storage and transportation, relates to an anti-fatigue high-pressure container for a hydrogen refueling station, and in particular relates to a fixed gas storage container suitable for high-pressure hydrogen. Background technique [0002] In the hydrogen fuel cell vehicle industry, the hydrogen refueling station needs to compress the hydrogen to a pressure of 45MPa-99MPa and store it in a high-pressure hydrogen storage container. It needs to withstand about 100,000 fatigue loads with a fluctuation range of about 20MPa in its design life. Once the hydrogen storage device fails suddenly due to fatigue, hydrogen explosion will occur, causing catastrophic consequences. [0003] However, during the long-term service in the high-pressure hydrogen environment, the durability of the hydrogen storage container will decrease due to the hydrogen embrittlement of the material, and the fatigue crack growth rate will ...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] However, during the long-term service in the high-pressure hydrogen environment, the durability of the hydrogen storage container will decrease due to the hydrogen embrittlement of the material, and the fatigue crack growth rate will be greatly accelerated, resulting in a significant decrease in its anti-fatigue failure performance. High, the susceptibility to hydrogen embrittlement of materials increases, and this problem is more prominent. Therefore, ensuring the durability of high-pressure hydrogen storage devices is a key issue to ensure the long-term safe and stable operation of hydrogen refueling stations

[0004] In the prior art, there are mainly two technical solutions to solve the problem of durability decline caused by hydrogen embrittlement of high-pressure hydrogen storage vessels: one is a single-layer, large-wall-thick, non-welded pressure vessel made of low-alloy high-strength steel. The solution effectively reduces the stress level of the inner wall of the hydrogen storage device by increasing the wall thickness of the hydrogen storage container and self-reinforcement technology, thereby reducing the fatigue risk caused by hydrogen embrittlement of the hydrogen storage container. The advantage of this solution is that the manufacturing process is relatively simple, but its disadvantages are The effective volume ratio is very low, and the non-welded container with large wall thickness can only adopt single-sided heat treatment process. The excessive wall thickness of the container leads to poor hardenability of quenching heat treatment, and it is difficult to guarantee the material properties after heat treatment; the other is to use multi-layer concentric A multi-layer hydrogen storage container made of cylindrical shells. This solution uses carbon fibers, steel strips or steel plates to wrap or wrap around the thin-walled container made of austenitic stainless steel. With the help of the low hydrogen embrittlement susceptibility of austenitic stainless steel Reduce the risk of hydrogen embrittlement fatigue of hydrogen storage containers. The advantages of this solution are good hydrogen embrittlement resistance and large effective volume. The disadvantages are that the manufacturing process of multi-layer hydrogen storage containers is complicated, there are many and dense welds, and the welding quality control is difficult. Long production cycle and high cost

It can be seen that the existing technology still fails to solve the requirements of the development of the fuel cell industry that the high-pressure hydrogen storage container has a large effective volume, good resistance to hydrogen embrittlement, high manufacturing reliability and low cost.

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