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Annual, simple and efficient cultivation method suitable for rice field-upland rotation in hilly areas

A cultivation method and regional technology, applied in the light, simple and high-efficiency cultivation field of double-no-tillage and double-seeding planting of oily rice, can solve problems such as low level of comprehensive mechanization of harvesting, unsuitable agricultural machinery and agronomic measures, and seasonal conflicts between rapeseed and rice, and achieve simplification. Planting methods, effective use of straw nutrients, and the effect of solving the problem of sowing time selection

Pending Publication Date: 2021-11-02
INST OF OIL CROPS RES CHINESE ACAD OF AGRI SCI
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  • Description
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AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0003] However, there are still some problems in the process of planting oily rice: 1) The traditional production method of raising seedlings and transplanting rape requires a large amount of labor and low production efficiency; 3) In addition to rising labor prices, the cost of rapeseed production continues to increase; 4) With the popularization of technologies such as rice seedling throwing, direct seeding, ratooning rice, and one-season late rice, the contradiction between rapeseed and rice seasons is prominent
However, at this stage, there are still problems such as incompatible agricultural machinery and agronomy, unsmooth mechanized operations in hilly areas, high energy consumption, and poor efficiency. economic benefits

Method used

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  • Annual, simple and efficient cultivation method suitable for rice field-upland rotation in hilly areas
  • Annual, simple and efficient cultivation method suitable for rice field-upland rotation in hilly areas
  • Annual, simple and efficient cultivation method suitable for rice field-upland rotation in hilly areas

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Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0058] according to figure 1 and Figure 2, Figure 4 It can be seen that a young, simple and efficient cultivation method suitable for double no-tillage and double direct seeding of oily rice in hilly areas comprises the following steps:

[0059] (1) Determine the soil moisture content in the field before rice harvest. It is determined that the average soil water content of the 10cm soil layer reaches about 85% of the saturated water content (as shown in Table 1).

[0060] (2) Rape variety selection and sowing. Dadi 199 was selected as the rapeseed variety, and the field was drained and sun-dried 10 days before the rice was harvested, and the rapeseed was sown in the valley forest by drone 2 days before the harvest. The amount of seed used is 300g, and the sowing time is around October 10 every year. After emergence, set seedlings at the 4-leaf stage, 25,000 plants per mu (such as Figure 2B );

[0061] Dadi 199 is a rapeseed variety selected from Zhongshuang 11CA×R11 by...

Embodiment 2

[0080] according to figure 1 and Figure 2, Figure 4 It can be seen that a simple cultivation method suitable for double-no-tillage and double-seeding oil rice in hilly areas with annual high yield and lightness, the optimal soil water content setting includes the following steps:

[0081] (1) Determine the soil moisture content in the field before sowing. The average soil water content of setting field maintenance water layer (3cm) and 10cm soil layer is 32.96%, 28.21%, 19.03%, promptly 100%, 85%, 60% four treatments (table 2) of saturated water content;

[0082] (2) No-tillage to open the ditch, seed selection and sowing. Artificial no-tillage ditching, the community is set to 1.8m as the width of the compartment, 10m as the length of the compartment, 0.3m as the width of the ditch, and 0.3m as the depth of the ditch to open the ditch; rapeseed varieties choose Dadi 199 and Dadi 95, and the sowing method is artificial drill. Plant 6 rows with equal row spacing, the row sp...

Embodiment 3

[0092] according to figure 1 and Figure 2, image 3 , Figure 4 It can be seen that a kind of cultivation method suitable for double-no-tillage and double-seeding of oily rice in hilly areas with annual high yield and lightness, the optimal rice stubble height setting includes the following steps:

[0093](1) Determine the soil moisture in the field before rapeseed sowing. It is determined that the average soil water content in the 10cm soil layer reaches about 85% of the saturated water content. Dadi 199 and Dadi 95 are the varieties of rapeseed. UAVs are used to sow rapeseed in valley forests. The sowing method is strip live broadcast, and drill sowing is planted with equal row spacing, the row spacing is 30cm, and the seed amount per mu is set to 300g. After emergence, set seedlings at the 4-leaf stage, 25,000 plants per mu (such as Figure 2B );

[0094] The above-mentioned Dadi 95 and Dadi 199 are rapes bred by the scientific and technical personnel of the Oil Crops ...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a double-no-tillage double-direct-seeding annual, simple and efficient cultivation method suitable for oil rice in hilly areas. The method comprises the following steps: 1), determining that the water content of field soil of a rice field is 85% of the saturated water content before rape sowing; 2) interplanting of rape and mechanically harvesting of rice: A, selecting an oil-vegetable dual-purpose variety; B, combining a seeding mode with unmanned aerial vehicle no-tillage strip direct seeding; and C, returning rice straws to the field, and reserving 40-50 cm stubbles; and 3) no-tillage ditching, water management and hole application of base fertilizer: A, fixing a field structure according to a figure 1; and B, applying base fertilizer in holes; 4) harvesting of flowering Chinese cabbage and the rapeseed: A, harvesting the flowering Chinese cabbage; and B, mechanically harvesting the rape; 5) irrigation and field steeping, no-tillage direct seeding of rice and management: A, returning rape straws to the field; B, performing field irrigation and steeping; C, selecting high-quality varieties of middle and late rice; D, combining a seeding mode with strip direct seeding of the unmanned aerial vehicle, and spraying closed herbal medicine; and E, fertilization management. The method is simple and easy to implement, the labor cost is reduced, mechanical operation is brought into full play, the planting benefit is improved, and the winter fallow field planting area is increased.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of weekly young, simple and high-efficiency cultivation of oily rice, and specifically relates to a light, simple and high-efficiency cultivation method of double-no-tillage and double-direct seeding planting of oily rice, which is suitable for double-cropping areas of oily rice in southern hilly areas. Background technique [0002] Oil-rice rotation is an important farming system to ensure China's grain and oil security. Existing widely in the Yangtze River Basin, oil-rice rotation can increase the sown area of ​​crops, increase the total yield of crops by increasing the multiple cropping index, and make full use of inter-annual light, temperature, water and other resources. Combined planting patterns. Rapeseed is the largest winter oilseed crop in China, with an annual planting area of ​​about 7 million hectares, mainly concentrated in winter rapeseed production areas in the Yangtze River Basin. Rapeseed...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): A01G22/22A01G22/15A01C21/00
CPCA01G22/22A01G22/15A01C21/005
Inventor 李心昊马霓陈畅余金龙刘丽欣肖晓璐杨雪
Owner INST OF OIL CROPS RES CHINESE ACAD OF AGRI SCI
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