Miniaturized low-concentration multistage seawater desalination system

A concentrator and stage evaporation technology, applied in seawater treatment, general water supply conservation, water/sewage treatment, etc., can solve the problems of declining economic efficiency, occurrence on the interface, low heat flux density, etc., to improve the water production rate, The effect of increasing water production and improving economic efficiency

Pending Publication Date: 2022-04-01

XI AN JIAOTONG UNIV

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AI-Extracted Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Although this method can conveniently use solar energy to drive seawater desalination, it has the following disadvantages: 1. Water can only absorb sunlight in the near-infrared band; 2. The entire water body is heated and evaporation only occurs on the interface

Although the theoretical water production rate limit o...

Method used

In the present invention, concentrator improves the solar energy flux that device receives, and the aluminum light-to-heat conversion layer with high light-to-heat conversion efficiency converts solar energy into thermal energy to the greatest extent, and the good thermal conductivity of aluminum light-to-heat conversion layer promotes The heat is conducted to the capillary wick, and the heating of the capillary wick causes the seawater (or brine) inside to evaporate. The steam generated by the evaporation diffuses to the condensation plate to condense and release latent heat for the evaporation process of the subsequent stage. The condensed water along the condensation The plate flows to the bottom for collection. By recovering latent heat step by step, the theoretical water production rate limit of traditional floating seawater desalination systems can be broken through.

[0036] Referring to (a) and (b) in Fig. 2, the component frame 6 is machined from PMMA which is cheap and has low thermal conductivity. In order to ensure good heat insulation, the thickness of the module frame 6 needs to be greater than 2 cm. Therefore, no additional insulating material is required on the outside of the module frame 6 . In order to save cost and facilitate installation, the component frame 6 is processed step by step, and finally connected in series with bolts. Each leve...

Abstract

The invention discloses a miniaturized low-power condensation multistage seawater desalination system which comprises a condenser, the condenser is perpendicular to sunlight, a light outlet of the condenser is provided with a photo-thermal conversion layer, a capillary wick is arranged on the back face of the photo-thermal conversion layer, a plurality of stages of evaporation and condensation devices are arranged on one side of the capillary wick, each stage of evaporation and condensation device comprises a condensation plate and a capillary wick, and the capillary wick is arranged on the back face of the condensation plate. And the bottom end of the capillary wick extends into seawater. According to the invention, latent heat is recovered step by step, so that the theoretical water production rate limit of a traditional floating type seawater desalination system can be broken through, the problems of low water production rate, low efficiency and difficulty in collecting desalted water of the existing floating type seawater desalination system are solved, and the floating type seawater desalination system has the advantages of large water yield and suitability for remote areas.

Application Domain

General water supply conservationSeawater treatment +1

Technology Topic

SeawaterProcess engineering +8

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Examples

Experimental program(1)

Example Embodiment

[0025] Next, the contents of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0026] Such as figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a miniaturized low-dimensional high-grade seawater dilution system, which mainly includes eliminating multiple reflection parabolic groove concentrator 1 having a dual degassing ratio, a photothermal conversion layer 2, a capillary A frame 6 made of liquid core 3, condensate plate 5 and PMMA machined. The concentrator 1 is disposed in the vertical direction of the sun light. The light exit port of the concentrator 1 is provided with a photothermal conversion layer 2, and the other side surface of the photothermal conversion layer 2 is provided with a capillary absorbing core 3, and there are several levels of evaporation and condensing devices on the other side of the capillary absorbing core 3. Each level of evaporation and condensing devices include a condensate plate, a condensing plate 5 back test, a capillary absorbing core 3, and the capillary absorbing core 3 extends into the seawater.

[0027] The level of evaporation and condensed devices is the number of latent heat recovery. The level should not exceed 4, but can save more than half of the installation area while ensuring economic benefits of the device.

[0028] The lignocellulose film is used as the capillary absorbent core 3.

[0029] In the present invention, in order to ensure that the first stage temperature does not exceed 100 ° C, the concentrating magnifier can only be selected from 2 times, and the concentrator 1 selects the multi-reflection parabolic concentrator.

[0030] The absorbance area of the concentrator 1 should be 15 × 15cm 2 20 × 20cm 2 Between, a larger absorbance area can reduce thermal loss accounted for the total investment, thereby increasing efficiency. According to the core suction capacity of the capillary absorbing core 3, the area should be increased as much as possible.

[0031] The concentrator 1 is used to increase the received solar strength, providing energy for the evaporation process of seawater. In order to reduce the height of the concentrator, the material and mounting cost is saved, the concentrator 1 is manufactured using the principle of eliminating multiple reflections.

[0032] The photothermal conversion layer 2 uses good thermal conductivity, inexpensive and corrosion-resistant aluminum plate (0.5 mm thick), and black paint surface sprayed as a photothermal conversion material. It was found that the photothermal conversion efficiency of the photothermal conversion layer was as high as 95%. The capillary hydraulic core 3 is close to the back side of the photothermal conversion layer 2, absorbs the heat of the light heat transfer layer 2, and generates steam.

[0033] In order to ensure good thermal conductivity, the condensing plate 5 selects a 0.5 mm thick aluminum plate.

[0034] The condensing plate 5 and the capillary hydraulic core 3 spaced 5 mm, the excessive thickening will result in an increase in heat transfer mass, which will cause condensate 4 to touch the capillary absorbing core 3.

[0035] Steam condenses and releases latent heat in front of the condensation plate 5. The back surface of the condensing plate 5 is close to the capillary absorbing core 3. The evaporative latent heat passes through the capillary absorbing core 3 of the back surface via a condensate plate 5. The capillary hydraulic core 3 absorbs this part of the latent heat to continue to produce steam. The subsequent level evaporation and condensing devices were arranged in the above manner. Thereby, the evaporation latent heat is recovered step by step.

[0036] See figure 2 Central (a) and (b), the component frame 6 is made of a PMMA machining of inexpensive and low thermal conductivity. In order to ensure good insulation, the thickness of the assembly frame 6 needs to be greater than 2 cm. Therefore, there is no additional heat insulating material outside the assembly frame 6. In order to save costs, it is convenient to install, and the component frame 6 is processed step by step, and finally uses the bolt. Each level assembly frame 6 should be milked out of the cartridge 7 of the condensate plate 5 and the capillary absorbing core 3, and is provided with a water pipe at the bottom to lead the condensed water 4. Good sealing and fixing can be achieved by bolted connections.

[0037] The photothermal conversion layer 2 is high, and when exposed to the environment, the flow and radiant heat loss are large. In order to suppress this part of the heat loss, a 2 mm thick glass sheet is provided between the photothermal conversion layer 2 and the concentrator 1, and the distance from the glass heat transfer layer 2 and the glass plate is 5 mm, thereby forming a 5 mm thick air layer. , Used to isolate heat loss. The air layer thermal resistance does not affect the incidence of rays. I found that the air layer can effectively increase the water rate of the water, from 2.23kg · m -2 · H -1 Raise to 2.82kg · m -2 · H -1.

[0038] The efficiency of the system unit cost will decrease as the condensation device level is increased, and the condensation device level limit is limited to 4. This will control the decline in economic benefits in an acceptable range (15%) while saving the land area.

[0039] Outdoor measurement found that in early autumn, the concentration strength can be up to 1300W · m -2 The corresponding evaporation rate is achieved by 3.5kg · m -2 · H -1.

[0040] It was found that the desalination rate of the system was as high as 99%. Theoretical analysis shows that the system can achieve 17.31kg of water in Xi'an, enough to meet family freshwater consumption.

[0041]In the present invention, the concentrator increasing the solar flux received, and the aluminum light-heat transfer layer having high light heat conversion efficiency minimizes solar energy into thermal energy, and the aluminum photothermatic conversion layer has good thermally conductive heat transfer to heat transfer toThe capillary water absorbent core, the capillary absorbing core lifting temperature promotes the inner seawater (or brine) to evaporate, evaporate production of steam diffuses to condensed on the condensed plate and releases the evaporation process of the latent heat for subsequent gradation, the condensed water flows along the condenserMinistry for collection.By recovering the latent heat step by step, it can break through the theoretical water rate limit of traditional floating seawater dilution systems.

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Classification and recommendation of technical efficacy words

Increase water production rate
Increase water production