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MAGE-A3/HPV 16 peptide vaccines for head and neck cancer

a peptide vaccine and head and neck cancer technology, applied in the field of peptide vaccines for head and neck cancer, can solve the problems of limited efficacy of antigen-specific cytotoxic t cells, and high cost of maturation

Inactive Publication Date: 2006-10-05
MAYO FOUND FOR MEDICAL EDUCATION & RES +1
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

[0029] In other preferred embodiments, the one or more Trojan antigens are co-administered with montanide, in an amount of between about 0.5 and 1.5 mL, and GM-CSF, in an amount of between about 50 and 150 ug/m2.
[0030] The methods treating squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) of the present invention comprising administering to a subject in need of such treatment a therapeutically-effective amount of one of the following Trojan antigens: a polypeptide comprising amino acids 1-35 of SEQ ID NO:15, a polypeptide comprising amino acids 1-47 of SEQ ID NO:17, a polypeptide comprising amino acids 1-21 of SEQ ID NO:19, wherein X may be cysteine or aminobutyric acid, and a polypeptide comprising amino acids 1-43 of

Problems solved by technology

However, the majority of trials have failed to demonstrate any therapeutic benefit (Chang et al.
The causes of these failures are multi-factorial, but are likely related to well characterized immunologic defects within the target population, including aberrant antigen processing and presentation, which restrict T cell function.
Additionally, down regulation of either HLA molecules on the tumor surface or tumor antigen expression limits the efficacy of antigen-specific cytotoxic T cells (Seliger et al.
While ex vivo maturation of DC is one method of priming DC, such maturation is expensive and can lack reproducibility.
Additional problems with whole tumor based approaches include the potential for tumor contamination, small cell number, and limited ability to monitor the immune response.
Additionally, the use of single peptides for immunization limits the potential induction of undesired autoimmunity (Nestle et al.
The primary limitations to peptide-based vaccine strategies are haplotype restriction; potential for degradation; the lack of identifiable putative tumor antigens recognized to induce a CTL response; the potential failure of the efferent arm of the immune response if smaller numbers of peptides are employed; and uncertainty regarding which peptides, used alone or in combination, are the most immunogenic (Nair et al.
No protein identified to date satisfies all of these criteria with regard to SCCHN tumors.
The major limitations to clinical application of these peptide epitopes are both their limited prevalence in SCCHN and putative epitopes restricted by HLA types with low population specific frequencies.
Potential pitfalls in the development of peptide-based immunotherapy for SCCHN including: 1) peptide-induced tolerance, 2) synthetic peptide degradation, 3) limited antigenic repertoire, and 4) inadequate tools for evaluating treatment response.
The second potential problem with synthetic peptide-based immunotherapy is the potential for proteolysis.
This factor, inherent to all peptide-based approaches, restricts patient access.
Additionally, because individual peptides only have the potential to induce epitope specific CTL, the vast majority of potential tumor antigens are not targeted.
Recent evidence, however, suggests that this problem of epitope restriction may not be as physiologically important as was previously postulated.
The fourth and final limitation to peptide-based immunotherapy, is the limited number of diagnostic tools available to evaluate clinical response.

Method used

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  • MAGE-A3/HPV 16 peptide vaccines for head and neck cancer
  • MAGE-A3/HPV 16 peptide vaccines for head and neck cancer
  • MAGE-A3/HPV 16 peptide vaccines for head and neck cancer

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

example 1

Identification of MAGE-A3 Antigenic Epitopes

[0123] Using a predictive algorithm based on the presence of MHC binding motifs, an HLA-A1-binding peptide from MAGE-A3 that induced in vitro anti-tumor CTL responses with lymphocytes from normal individuals was identified (Celis et al. Induction of anti-tumor cytotoxic T lymphocytes in normal humans using primary cultures and synthetic peptide epitopes, PNAS USA 91(6):2105-2109 (1994)). In addition to the HLA-A1-restricted epitope, an HLA-A2 restricted CTL epitope, which is more frequently found in the general population than HLA-A1, was identified (Kawashima et al. The multi-epitope approach for immunotherapy for cancer: identification of several CTL epitopes from various tumor-associated antigens expressed on solid epithelial tumors. Human Immunology 59(1):1-14 (1998)). CTL-induced by peptide MAGE-A3112-120 (KVAELVHFLL; SEQ ID NO:2) were quite effective in recognizing tumor cells expressing MAGE-A3 antigen and HLA-A2 (FIG. 1).

[0124] B...

example 2

Identification of a Promiscuous T Helper Epitope from MAGE-A3

[0126] A promiscuous T helper epitope that is presented to T cells by HLA-DR4 and HLA-DR7, two of the most frequently found MHC class II alleles, was identified. Peptide MAGE-A3149-160 (VIFSKASSSLQL; SEQ ID NO:5) was found to stimulate T helper lymphocytes that recognized recombinant MAGE-A3 protein or cell lysates from tumors expressing MAGE-A3 antigen (Kobayashi et al. Tumor-reactive T helper lymphocytes recognize a promiscuous MAGE-A3 epitope presented by various major histocompatibility complex class II alleles. Cancer Research 61(12):4773-8 (2001)). As shown in FIG. 2, HLA-DR4-restricted HTL clone 8G9 recognizes naturally processed MAGE-A3 antigen. A: Proliferative T-cell response induced by MAGE-A3146-160 (+Peptide), recombinant MAGE-A3 protein (rMAGE-A3) or recombinant gp100 (rgp100). B: Tissue culture supernatants from experiment described in panel A, were collected after 48 hr and the concentration of GM-CSF was ...

example 3

Identification and Selection of CTL and T Helper Epitopes from HPV 16 E7

[0127] Two HLA-A2-restricted CTL epitopes and one T helper epitope were selected. The identification and description of these epitopes have been published (de Jong et al. Frequent detection of human papillomavirus 16 E2-specific T-helper immunity in healthy subjects. Cancer Research 62(2):472-479 (2002); Kast et al. Role of HLA-A motifs in identification of potential CTL epitopes in human papillomavirus type 16 E6 and E7 proteins. Journal of Immunology 152(8):3904-3912 (1994)). Furthermore, the HLA-A2-restricted CTL epitopes were shown to induce CTL responses (Jager et al. Monitoring CD8 T cell responses to NY-ESO-1: correlation of humoral and cellular immune responses. PNAS USA 97(9):4760-4765 (2000); den Haan et al. Identification of a graft versus host disease-associated human minor histocompatibility antigen. Science 268(5216):1476-1480 (1995); Bennouna et al. Application of IL-5 ELISPOT assays to quantific...

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Abstract

The present invention relates to Trojan antigens, and immunogenic compositions comprising the Trojan antigens. The present invention also relates to methods of generating an immune response in a subject using the Trojan antigens or immunogenic compositions. The present invention further relates to methods of treating squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) using the Trojan antigens and immunogenic compositions of the present invention.

Description

[0001] The present application claims benefit of U.S. provisional application No. 60 / 667,060, filed Apr. 1, 2005, incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0002] Squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) effects 43,000 individuals in the United States annually with an estimated 5-year overall survival of 50% (R. M. Byers, Dr. Martin: How are we doing in 2000? Archives of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 127:759-765 (2001)). For some patients who develop local or distant metastases following primary therapy, surgical salvage is a viable therapeutic option. The remainder of individuals is forced to choose between palliative chemotherapy and supportive care. In order to improve both survival and quality of life for patients with unresectable disease, new therapeutic alternatives are mandated. [0003] One treatment option is the use of T cell-specific immunotherapy to stimulate a patient's anti-tumor immune response. Several T cell based...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): A61K39/00C07K14/005
CPCA61K39/0011A61K39/12A61K2039/5154A61K2039/6075A61K2039/645C12N2740/16322C07K14/4748C07K2319/01C07K2319/50C12N2710/20022C12N2710/20034C07K14/005A61P31/00A61P35/00A61P37/04
Inventor STROME, SCOTTCELIS, ESTEBAN
Owner MAYO FOUND FOR MEDICAL EDUCATION & RES
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