Enhanced stability of proteins immobilized on nanoparticles

Abstract

This invention is directed to the application of a previously unknown property of nanomaterials—its ability to enhance protein activity and stability at high temperatures, in organic solvents, and in polymer composites. Nanomaterials such as single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) can significantly enhance enzyme function and stability in strongly denaturing environments. Experimental results and theoretical analysis reveal that the enhancement in stability is a result of the curvature of these nanoscale materials, which suppresses unfavorable protein-protein interactions. The enhanced stability is also exploited in the preparation of highly stable and active nanocomposite films that resist nonspecific protein absorption, i.e., inhibit fouling of the films. The protein-nanoparticles conjugates represent a new generation of highly selective, active, and stable catalytic materials. Furthermore, the ability to enhance protein function by interfacing them with nanomaterials has a profound impact on applications ranging from biosensing, diagnostics, vaccines, drug delivery, and biochips, to novel hybrid materials that integrate biotic and abiotic components.

Description

RELATED APPLICATION[0001]This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 60 / 607,816, filed on Sep. 8, 2004. The entire teaching of the above application is incorporated herein by reference.GOVERNMENT SUPPORT[0002]The invention was supported, in whole or in part, by a grant from the National Science Foundation (DMR-0117792). The Government has certain rights in the invention.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION[0003]Interfacing nanomaterials, in particular carbon nanotubes, with biomolecules are important for applications ranging from biosensors, biorecognition probes, and molecular electronics to drug delivery. A major obstacle in the pursuit of applications of these conjugates stems from the poor stability of biomolecules in harsh environments.SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION[0004]This invention is directed to protein compositions that comprise biologically active proteins that are less susceptible to degradation than normal. For example, this invention is directed to compos...

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

This patent is about creating protein compositions that are resistant to degradation in harsh environments. These compositions contain enzymes that are attached to nanoparticles, which have a curved surface that matches the size of the enzymes. This attachment increases the stability of the enzymes, even when they are exposed to harsh environments. The patent also describes methods for detecting analytes in harsh environments and preventing fouling of surfaces by removing fouling agents using the compositions of this invention.

Problems solved by technology

A major obstacle in the pursuit of applications of these conjugates stems from the poor stability of biomolecules in harsh environments.

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