Aqueous dispersions containing of electrically conducting polymers containing high boiling solvent and additives
a technology of additives and aqueous dispersions, which is applied in the direction of conductors, non-metal conductors, conductors, etc., can solve the problems of insufficient mechanical strength of polymer film, self-standing or on a substrate, and many conductive polymers with low conductivities for electrode applications
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example 1
This example illustrates preparation and film conductivity of a stable aqueous dispersion containing carbon-nanotubes (CNT), electrically conducting polymer, and a high boiling organic liquid.
CNT used in this example was HIPco CE608, purchased from CNI (Carbon Nanotechnologies, Inc.) at Houston, Tex., USA. HIPco CE608 CNT is single wall nanotubes, which contains about 3-4% (w / w) residual catalyst. It was made by a process using high-pressure carbon monoxide and then purified by the Company.
Electrically conducting polymer used in this example is poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) doped with non-fluorinated doping acid poly(styrenesulfonic acid), abbreviated as “PEDOT / PSSA”. PEDOT / PSSA is a well-known electrically conductive polymer. The polymer dispersed in water is commercially available from H. C. Starck GmbH (Leverkuson, Germany) in several grades under a trade name of Baytron-P. Baytron-P HCV4, one of the commercial aqueous dispersion products, purchased from Starck was used. The B...
example 2
This example illustrates addition of a base solution on stability of the composite dispersion prepared in Example 1.
About 10 g of the dispersion sample made in Example 1 was first adjusted to pH3.9 using 0.5N NaOH / water solution first and then 0.1N NaOH / water as pH got closer to the targeted pH. One half of the pH3.9 dispersion was further adjusted to pH7.0 with sodium hydroxide / water solution too. Concentration of each component in the dispersions was not significantly affected because only a very small amount of base solution was used. Addition of the base solution still maintains homogeneity of the dispersion. There is no sign of sedimentation in both high pH dispersions. The high pH dispersions also form homogeneous films.
example 3
This example illustrates preparation and film conductivity of a stable aqueous dispersion containing a different carbon nanotube (CNT), electrically conducting polymer, and a high boiling organic liquid.
CNT used in this example was HIPco P0244, also purchased from CNI (Carbon Nanotechnologies, Inc.) at Houston, Tex., USA. HIPco P0244 CNT is single wall nanotubes, which contains about 10% (w / w) residual catalyst. It was made by a process using high-pressure carbon monoxide and then purified by the Company. Electrically conducting polymer used in this example is also Baytron-P HCV4. This lot of sample was determined gravimetrically to have 1.1% (w / w) solid, which should be PEDOT / PSSA in water. According to the product brochure, the weight ratio of PEDOT:PSSA is 1:2.5.
Prior to preparation of a CNT composite dispersion, an ethylene glycol / water solution was prepared. The solution was for reducing PEDOT-PSSA solid % of HCV4, therefore reducing its viscosity. A 18.01% (w / w) ethylene glyco...
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