Methods of consolidating radioactive containing materials by hot isostatic pressing

a radioactive material and isostatic pressing technology, applied in shaping presses, nuclear engineering, nuclear elements, etc., can solve the problems of reducing the maximum achievable waste loading efficiency and/or process flexibility, glass the waste stream cannot be designed solely to suit the waste stream, etc., to achieve the effect of reducing process tim

Active Publication Date: 2013-05-02
AMERICAN ISOSTATIC PRESSES
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Benefits of technology

[0009]The Inventors have found that by loading the sealed can through the bottom of a HIP vessel using a fully automated system, the cans can be pre-heated and loaded whi

Problems solved by technology

Constraints imposed by the consolidation technology on the waste form chemistry will result in a reduction in waste loading efficiency and process flexibility.
Therefore, the glass cannot be designed solely to s

Method used

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  • Methods of consolidating radioactive containing materials by hot isostatic pressing
  • Methods of consolidating radioactive containing materials by hot isostatic pressing

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Definitions and Acronyms Used Herein

[0021]As used herein “calcine” is the solidified liquid waste stream remaining after first-cycle solvent extraction of uranium from SNF and the concentrated wastes from second- and third-cycle extraction of the fuel.

[0022]“Spent Nuclear Fuel” (SNF), may also be referred to as “Used Nuclear Fuel,” and is nuclear fuel that has been irradiated in a nuclear reactor (usually at a nuclear power plant) but is no longer useful in sustaining a nuclear reaction in an ordinary thermal reactor.

[0023]“Raffinate” is a product which has had a component or components removed. The product containing the removed materials is referred to as the extract. For example, in solvent extraction, the raffinate is the liquid stream which remains after solutes from the original liquid are removed through contact with an immiscible liquid. In metallurgy, raffinating refers to a process in which impurities are removed from liquid material.

[0024]“Fully Automated System” refers t...

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Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a method of consolidating a calcine comprising radioactive material, the method comprising mixing 60-80% (by weight) of a radionuclide containing calcine with at least one non-radioactive additive, such as an oxide, and hot isostatic pressing the mixture to form a stable monolith of glass/ceramic. In one embodiment, the ratio of radionuclide containing calcine to additives is about 80:20 by weight, wherein the non-radioactive additive comprises oxides such as BaO, CaO, Al2O3, TiO2, SiO2 and others, that combine with the waste elements and compounds to form a ceramic mineral or glass/ceramic material, after hot isostatic pressing. Non-limiting examples of mineral phases that may be formed are: hollandite (BaAl2Ti6O16), zirconolite (CaZrThO7), and perovskite (CaTiO3).

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION[0001]This application claims the benefit of priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 61 / 492,697, filed on Jun. 2, 2011, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE[0002]The present disclosure generally relates to methods of consolidating radioactive materials by hot isostatic pressing (HIP). In particular, the present disclosure relates to a ubiquitous consolidation technique for radioactive material that is based on a novel, bottom-loading HIP method.BACKGROUND[0003]Beginning in 1953, Spent Nuclear Fuel (SNF) was reprocessed by the Department of Energy to recover highly enriched uranium and other nuclear related products. Processing operations involved multiple cycles of solvent extraction to recover uranium-235 and other defense-related materials from SNF. The end of the Cold War also ended the program to reprocess SNF, with the last reprocessing cycle ending in 1994. These reprocessing activities, as...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): G21F9/30
CPCG21F9/301G21F9/36B01J3/00B22F3/15B30B11/002C04B2235/447G21F9/34C04B33/1327C04B35/6455C04B2235/3217C04B2235/3244G21F9/302B01J3/002B30B11/00G21F9/308Y02P40/60
Inventor PERSAUD, RAJENDRAMORICCA, SAMORCUTT, CLIFFORDTAYLOR, DAN
Owner AMERICAN ISOSTATIC PRESSES
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