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Production of hydrocarbons from copyrolysis of plastic and tyre material with microwave heating

a technology of plastic and tyre material, which is applied in the field of plastic material recycling, can solve the problems of large waste, large environmental impact, and variable waste composition, and achieve the effects of reducing the number of waste, reducing the quantity of waste, and increasing the cost of production

Inactive Publication Date: 2014-06-05
COOP AUTOTRASPORTATORI FIORENTINI C A F SOC COOP A R L
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

The present invention is a method for recycling plastic materials using end-of-life tyres and microwaves. The method involves pyrolysis, which involves heating the plastic materials in the absence of oxygen to break them down into smaller molecules. The vapors from the pyrolysis reaction are then separated and conditioned. The resulting oil has a low sulfur content, contains a high amount of distillable hydrocarbons, and can be used as fuel for vehicles or mixed with commercial fuels. The process is controlled to achieve a low percentage pyrolysis rate and a low heating rate to obtain the desired oil. The resulting oil is also clear and transparent, with a low hydrocarbon content.

Problems solved by technology

Handling of these large quantities of waste is an environmental issue of enormous proportions that has required and requires a considerable effort for the technological and scientific development of effective systems for their recycling and disposal.
A first major problem concerns the variable composition of the waste, both for polymers types and for the presence of additives and other substances such as glues, inks, labels, and organic residues.
In addition, many thermoplastic materials are immiscible with each other and recycling by simple reprocessing cannot lead to obtaining a material with good properties.
Generally, remelting polymer mixtures worsens their physical properties, stability and processing.

Method used

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  • Production of hydrocarbons from copyrolysis of plastic and tyre material with microwave heating
  • Production of hydrocarbons from copyrolysis of plastic and tyre material with microwave heating
  • Production of hydrocarbons from copyrolysis of plastic and tyre material with microwave heating

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Embodiment Construction

[0031]The pyrolysis oils obtainable by the process according to the present invention also have PCS and PCI comprised between 33 and 48 MJ / kg; viscosity comprised between 0.49 and 2.80 cps; density less than or equal to 0.932 gr / cm3.

[0032]Preferably, the density of the pyrolysis oils obtained by the process is less than 0.850 gr / cm3 and the viscosity comprised between 0.80 and 2.20 cps.

[0033]The process of the invention allows delivering the MW at maximum power in case of the presence of a separation system or anyhow to a power such as to obtain a VM % greater than 0.5 min−1 and / or a mean heating rate (VM risc) greater than 3.5° C. / min. In the absence of a fractionation system of the vapours, when using PFU in a mixture with plastic materials, it is preferable to operate to such a power level as to obtain a VM % greater than 0.2 min−1 and / or a mean heating rate (VM risc) greater than 2.0° C. / min. In the case of pyrolysis of plastic materials induced by the presence of PFU pyrolysis ...

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Abstract

The present invention relates to the development of a microwave pyrolysis process for plastic materials selected from PE, PP, PS, PET, PVC and mixtures thereof in the presence of end-of-life tyres, or the pyrolysis residues thereof, or other carbon materials for the production of high added value pyrolysis oils containing over 50% by weight hydrocarbons distillable between 20 and 250° C. and a sulphur content less than 1% by weight.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION[0001]The present invention relates to the field of methods of recycling plastic materials, in particular to recycling of tyres at their end-of-cycle (PFU), polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and their mixtures.STATE OF THE ART[0002]In Italy, in 2008 were produced 3.5×106 tons of plastic materials, and 1.5×106 of these were collected for disposal; in the same year 4.1×105 tons of tyres have been changed in motorcars and motor vehicles to be recycled. Polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyvinylchloride (PVC), polyurethanes (PU) represent up to 90% of the waste in plastics, specifically 60 to 65% by weight are polyolefins PE and PP, between 10 to 20% by weight is PS and a quantity from 12 to 17% is PVC.[0003]The increasing use of plastic material in recent years is giving rise to some concern on the possibility of handling thei...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(United States)
IPC IPC(8): C10G1/10
CPCC10G1/10C10B19/00C10B53/07C10G15/08C10G2300/1003C10G2300/202C10G2300/301Y02P20/143
Inventor FREDIANI, PIEROROSI, LUCAFREDIANI, MARCOUNDRI, ANDREAOCCHIALINI, SILVIO
Owner COOP AUTOTRASPORTATORI FIORENTINI C A F SOC COOP A R L
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