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Optimized oral glucose tolerance test

a glucose tolerance and oral glucose technology, applied in the field of research methods and research tools, can solve the problems of laborious and complicated, the metabolism of mice and rats does not reflect all aspects of the human metabolic system, and is difficult to obtain stable and reproducible data from an animal experimen

Inactive Publication Date: 2011-02-15
TIMA FOUND
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

"The patent describes a better way to do an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) for animals. This method makes the test more reliable and consistent."

Problems solved by technology

However, the metabolism of mice and rats does not reflect all aspects of the human metabolic system.
As a consequence, it is often difficult to obtain stable and reproducible data from an animal experiment if the experiment is conducted with irritated or even frightened animals.
Thus, it is laborious and complicated to achieve results which are reliable, reproducible and significant when conducting an animal experiment, particularly an OGTT, with animals such as mice, rats and monkeys.

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

example 1

Acclimatization of Rats for OGTT

[0031]The rats were obtained at least one week before the OGTT experiments. The same people performed both the acclimatization process and the rat OGTT experiments. The rats were taken out of their cages every day for at least two hours because the OGTT experiment in this case needs over two hours time. While the rats were outside of their cages, they were touched and played with by humans in order to provide for acclimatization. In addition, the rats were put several times into the cloth covered heating tube which was to be used later for the blood sampling from rat tail vessel during the OGTT. Oral tubing was also inserted to the stomach. Furthermore, the rats received sterile water injections, or in some cases a glucose solution, through the oral tube. After one week of the acclimatization process, rat blood glucose levels no longer reacted to human touch, oral tubing, or blood sampling.

example 2

OGTT with Rats

[0032]For the OGTT after the acclimatization process, acclimatized rats were selected. Rats with poor weight growth or poor general condition were not used in the experiment. The rats were free to take food and water up to 12 hours prior to starting the OGTT experiments. After this cut-off time, the rats only had access to water. In the OGTT experiment, the rats received a supplement solution. Ingredients of the supplement solution, except coenzyme Q10, were purchased from Sigma Aldrich Japan (Tokyo, Japan). A supplement solution was prepared by mixing together one gram of vitamin C, 1.5 grams of glutamic acid, 500 mg of cysteine, 40 mg of riboflavin, 100 mg of succinic acid, 100 mg of fumaric acid, 10 mg of niacin, and 250 mg of AQUAQ10P40 (100 mg of coenzyme Q10). AQUAQ10P40 (Nissin Pharma, Tokyo Japan), which contains 40% by volume of coenzyme Q10, was used as coenzyme Q10. The total weight of one supplement unit was 3500 mg.

[0033]Then, a glucose solution was admini...

example 3

Acclimatization of Cynomolgus Monkeys for OGTT

[0034]Cynomolgus monkeys were obtained at least three weeks before the start of the OGTT experiments. The same people cared for the animals during the acclimatization process and performed the Cynomolgus Monkey OGTT experiments.

[0035]For acclimatization, the Cynomolgus monkeys were taken out of their cages for over two hours because the intended OGTT experiments need over two hours time. During these time periods, the Cynomolgus monkeys were mounted to a neck holding seat and in parallel touched by human staff. The staff also played with the monkeys. The Cynomolgus monkeys were also subjected several times to blood sampling from a vein of the lower limb during the acclimatization process. In addition, training of oral tubing and administration of sterile water or glucose solution through said tube was also performed.

[0036]After two weeks of acclimatization, the blood glucose levels of the Cynomolgus monkeys no longer reacted to human tou...

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Abstract

Described herein is a method of enhancing the reliability and reproducibility of animal experiments. As described herein, the method relates to an improved oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in animals, wherein the set up of the test has been optimized in comparison to the standard procedure for OGTT.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION[0001]The field of the invention relates generally to research methods and research tools.BACKGROUND[0002]A glucose tolerance test is a medical procedure in which glucose is administered to a subject, e.g., an animal, to determine how quickly the glucose is cleared from the blood of the subject. The glucose is typically given orally so that the common test is typically called an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). This test is frequently used to evaluate the status of metabolic pathways in a human or animal body. From the results of the test, metabolic disorders can be diagnosed or the impact of drugs on physiology can be determined.[0003]To evaluate the effects of drugs on metabolism or their impact on metabolic diseases such as diabetes mellitus, the standard approach is to use mice or rats for the necessary in vivo experiments. However, the metabolism of mice and rats does not reflect all aspects of the human metabolic system. A drug that is very effective i...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(United States)
IPC IPC(8): A01K1/03
CPCA01K1/031A01K2207/35A61D7/00
Inventor INUFUSA, HARUHIKO
Owner TIMA FOUND
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