88 results about "Glucose tolerance test" patented technology

Systems and methods are described providing a hepatic recycling glucose tolerance test for the diagnosis of types and subtypes of diabetes mellitus and other hyperglycemic or hypoglycemic conditions. A method is also provided for screening candidate drugs for treating various types of abnormal glucose metabolism and to monitor whether the course of treatment is effective. The method also allows the correlation of gene activity, hormone and metabolite levels with glucose flux and recycling and an assessment of the degree of hepatic insulin resistance. The method utilizes a preferably non-radioactive stable labeled glucose to asses the relative rates of carbon flow in the liver and provides a hepatic recycling constant that is a measure of the relative rate of glucose recycling. The labeled glucose may be introduced to the patient orally, intravenously or by intraperitoneal administration for the desired effect.

The present invention provides a non-human mammal deficient in the expression of the SLC-1 gene, having the characteristics of (1) a lower blood insulin level in glucose tolerance test, (2) increased insulin sensitivity, (3) higher resistance to obesity even on high fat diet, (4) a smaller white fat cell size, and (5) accentuated lipolysis, compared with the corresponding wild-type animal, or a portion of the body thereof. Also provided is an obesity and/or type II diabetes model non-human mammal that is deficient in the expression of the SLC-1 gene, having the characteristics of (1) elevated expression of adiponectin, (2) delayed onset of hyperglycemia, (3) a lower blood glycohemoglobin level, and (4) accentuated energy consumption, compared with the corresponding obesity and/or type II diabetes model non-human mammal wherein the expression of the gene is normal, or a portion of the body thereof.

The invention provides a quantitative glucose beverage for glucose tolerance detection test and a production technology thereof. The quantitative glucose beverage is prepared from 100 to 400ml of purified water, 25g or 50g or 75g or 100g of anhydrous glucose, and 0.1 to 10g of non-sugar additive, wherein the non-sugar additive is selected from one or several of a preservative, an acidulant, a flavoring agent, a coloring agent, an emulsifier and a thickener. The quantitative glucose beverage has the advantages that the added components of non-sugar additive are clear, the purity is higher, and the obtained quantitative glucose beverage for glucose tolerance detection test has the advantages of sterility, accurate metering, good mouth feel, high safety property and the like; no sugar is introduced, so that the influence to the result is avoided; while the safety of medicines or apparatuses or foods is guaranteed, the liquid has a pleasant color, so that the purposes of flavoring and coloring are realized; by adding the thickener, the retention time of the glucose beverage in digestive tracts is effectively prolonged, and the digestion function of a patient is restored.

The present invention is directed to methods for improving glycemic control in humans and animals comprising the step of administering a composition comprising an amino acid content including 4-hydroxyisoleucine in an amount between about 60% and about 70% of a total weight of the amino acid content, together with one or more amino acids selected from the group consisting of glutamate, aspartate, arginine, cysteine, threonine, serine, glycine, alanine, valine, methionine, isoleucine, and histidine (inclusive of any chemical salts, anhydrides, or isomers of any of the foregoing), in addition to, alkaloids, glycosides, volatile oils, saponins, sapogenins, mannans, flavonoids, fatty acids, vitamins and provitamins, minerals, and carbohydrates. Fasting blood glucose and glucose tolerance were studied in normal human subjects, in human subjects diagnosed with Metabolic Syndrome X, and in diabetic rats by means of dosing the subjects with compositions comprising 4-hydroxyisoleucine in an amount between about 20% and about 30% of the total weight of the composition, wherein improving glycemic control in standard glucose tolerance tests.

Pharmaceutical dosage forms, comprising insulin, a delivery agent that facilitates insulin transport in a therapeutically effective amount to the bloodstream and a biguanide, such as metformin, are disclosed for oral administration to a patient for the treatment of diabetes. Also disclosed are methods for achieving improved glucose tolerance and glycemic control in a diabetic mammal without any statistically significant increase in weight, risk of hypoglycemia or hyperinsulinemia, and the need for monitoring blood glucose concentrations or HbAlc levels, and methods for reducing the incidence and/or severity of one or more disease states associated with chronic dosing of insulin; for prophylactically sparing (3-cell function or for preventing (3-cell death or dysfunction in a mammal with impaired glucose tolerance or early stage diabetes mellitus; and for long-term protection from developing (or delaying the onset of) overt or insulin dependent diabetes in a mammal with impaired glucose tolerance or early stage diabetes.

The invention provides a hypoglycemic peptide, which is provided with an amino acid sequence as shown in SEQ ID NO: 1. The invention also provides a modified peptide of the hypoglycemic peptide. A chemical group, an amino acid, polypeptide, protein or PEG is connected to the N end, C end or intermediate residue of the hypoglycemic peptide. The hypoglycemic peptide provided by the invention can perfect the glucose tolerance of KK-Ay mice, reinforce the glucose utilization ability of the KK-Ay mice, significantly improve the fasting blood glucose and glucose tolerance of the KK-Ay mice, significantly reduce serum total cholesterol and serum triglyceride, significantly perfect the SOD level, reduce the MDA level and protect the body cells against oxygen free radicals, the hypoglycemic peptide has glucose and lipid reducing functions and can resist metabolic syndrome. The hypoglycemic peptide can be used for preparing drugs or healthcare products for treating and/or preventing diabetes or hyperlipidemia.

The present invention provides 4-isopropylphenyl glucitol compounds which have no tendency to accumulate in the body and which inhibit SGLT1 activity to suppress postprandial hyperglycemia (or impaired glucose tolerance) through suppression of glucose absorption in the small intestine, whereby the compounds, for example, can suppress the onset of diabetes and metabolic syndrome or can treat these diseases.

A 4-isopropylphenyl glucitol compound represented by the following formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof:

wherein R¹ represents a hydrogen atom, etc., R² represents a methyl group, etc., R³ represents a C_1-4 alkyl group substituted with an amino group(s), etc., and R⁴ represents a hydrogen atom, etc.

Inorganic anions nitrate and nitrite influence metabolic rate and glucose homeostasis. Infusion of nitrite iv caused an acute drop in resting energy expenditure (oxygen consumption) and nitrate, when given perorally, caused a reduction in oxygen consumption during exercise and a depression of the increase in blood glucose observed after an oral glucose tolerance test. The doses of nitrate and nitrite did not cause any detectable change in methemoglobin levels of blood. Also, nitrate and nitrite did not alter lactate levels in blood. This discovery provides useful treatments to regulate the energy expenditure and glucose homeostasis of a mammal by administration of inorganic nitrite and/or nitrate.

Inorganic anions nitrate and nitrite influence metabolic rate and glucose homeostasis. Infusion of nitrite iv caused an acute drop in resting energy expenditure (oxygen consumption) and nitrate, when given perorally, caused a reduction in oxygen consumption during exercise and a depression of the increase in blood glucose observed after an oral glucose tolerance test. The doses of nitrate and nitrite did not cause any detectable change in methemoglobin levels of blood. Also, nitrate and nitrite did not alter lactate levels in blood. This discovery provides useful treatments to regulate the energy expenditure and glucose homeostasis of a mammal by administration of inorganic nitrite and/or nitrate.

The invention relates to a medicine combination for treating the impaired glucose tolerance and the preparing method thereof. The medicine combination is mainly composed of balsam pear, mulberry leaf, sanchi, glossy privet fruit, fiveleaf gynostemma herb, chromium picolinate, and zinc gluconate. It is a preparation produced by pharmacological acceptable carrier or excipient, containing capsule, granule, tablet, soft capsule, dropping pill and etc, which is suitable for the patent with impaired glucose tolerance and forepart diabetes. The research indicates that the invention can reduce the blood sugar, decline the insulin resistance, enhance the insulin sensitivity, protect the beta cell function, reduce the serum total cholesterol and serum triglyceride without side and poisonous effects.

The invention discloses a xanthine derivative and its pharmaceutically acceptable salt. In vitro DPP-IV activity inhibition tests, influence tests of normal mouse's glucose tolerance, and influence tests of spontaneous diabetic mouse's blood glucose confirm that the compound and its pharmaceutically acceptable salt show significant DPP-IV inhibitory activity, and can be used in preparation of drugs for treating dipeptidyl peptidase IV associated diseases.

The invention provides medical application of a genistein chromium complex to treatment of diabetes. Results of the animal growth condition research, fasting blood-glucose value determination, glucose tolerance test, insulin tolerance test show that the genistein chromium complex has an excellent hypoglycemic effect, and can be used for preparing drugs for treating diabetes II; by combing the hypoglycemic advantage of chromium, the hypoglycemic activity of genistein is improved obviously and toxicity of inorganic chromium can be reduced.

The invention belongs to the technical field of testing or analyzing materials by means of chemical or physical properties of a measuring material, and discloses a method for measuring the regulationand control of Chemerin on insulin resistance and the intervention of a CMKLR1 agonist, which comprises the following steps: preparing a pancreatic diabetes model by adopting an arginine induction method, performing intraperitoneal injection of 350 mg/kg arginine once a day for 6 weeks, and establishing a pancreatic diabetes group by a mouse common diet; during the period, establishing a pancreas-derived diabetes mellitus group by the common diet of the mice;meanwhile, establishing a high-fat diet group by adopting a formula feed open diet; establishinga negative control group, wherein the mice are fed with ordinary diet and water for 6 weeks; adopting a general pathology, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, a Real-Time PCR method and an intraperitoneal injection glucose tolerance test for detection; expressing all the detection data by mean plus or minus standard deviation, and testing the normal distribution is by Shapiro Wilk test; using single-factor variance analysis to comparegroups with each other, and if the groups do not conform to the normal distribution, using Mann-Whitney U test for comparison; significant difference lying in P < 0.05; applying SPSS 22.0 for Windowssoftware to implement the entire verification process.

The invention discloses functions and application of TNF (tumor necrosis factor) receptor associated factor 5 (TRAF5) in treatment of fatty liver and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Studies on a TRAF 5 gene by a high-fat diet (HFD) induced model discover that both the body weight and fasting plasma glucose level of an HFD bred TRAF gene knock-out mouse are lower than those of a WT mouse; glucose tolerance tests by intraperitoneal injection discover that the glucose tolerance of the TRAF5 gene knock-out mouse is remarkably reinforced; results of on liver gross appearance, liver weight, liver/body weight ratio and lipid component pathological staining indicate that the TRAF5-KO mouse fatty liver lesion in the HFD group is remarkably improved, the lipid accumulation is remarkably reduced, and the TRAF5 gene knock-out has the effects of remarkably improving fatty acid and type-II diabetes mellitus. Against the effects, the TRAF5 gene knock-out can be used as a medicinal target for screening and treating fatty liver and/or type-II diabetes mellitus, and the inhibitor of the TRAF5 gene knock-out can be used for preparing medicaments for treating fatty liver and/or type-II diabetes mellitus.

The present invention is to present a diagnostic support apparatus for diabetes including a diagnostic support information generating unit which generates diagnostic support information of a patient based on a biological model for reproducing a pseudo-response which simulates a result of a glucose tolerance test for the patient. The biological model comprises a plurality of simulated organ blocks which are configured in such manner that inflow and outflow of glucose and/or inflow and outflow of insulin are reciprocally produced between each of the simulated organ blocks. The plurality of the simulated organ blocks respectively calculate at least one of a cumulative quantity and a concentration of glucose and/or at least one of a cumulative quantity and a concentration of insulin in the respective simulated organ blocks, based on a quantity of inflow and outflow of glucose and/or a quantity of inflow and outflow of insulin in the respective simulated organ blocks.

The present invention relates to a liquid nutritional composition, to a liquid nutritional composition for use in a diagnostic method for screening of a glucose-intolerant condition, to a kit for screening of a glucose-intolerant condition, and to a diagnostic method for screening a mammal for a glucose- intolerant condition. Furthermore, it refers to a liquid nutritional composition for use as a standard reference nutrition, such as for classification of postprandial glucose responses of different nutritional compositions. The liquid nutritional composition comprises protein, fat, digestible carbohydrate and dietary fibre, wherein the digestible carbohydrate comprises at least 90 weight% of glucose units, based on total digestible carbohydrate mass and preferably is substantially free of fructose.

The invention relates to a preparation method of an oral glucose preparation. The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a novel oral glucose preparation for the oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT) so as to enhance the accuracy and repeatability of OGTT and improve the taste for patients during the test. According to the technical scheme, the preparation method of the novel oral glucosepreparation for OGTT comprises the following steps: 1) weighing 150g of anhydrous glucose, dissolving the anhydrous glucose in 600ml of purified water, respectively adding citric acid which accounts for 0.15% of the total weight and lemon essence which accounts for 0.05% of the total weight, stirring and dissolving; and 2) filtering with a 0.22-micron microfiltration membrane, bottling, sealing, and sterilizing in a sterilizer.