316 results about "Diabetic mouse" patented technology

The present inventors show that a brief exposure to EGF stimulates insulin secretion glucose-independently via a Ca2+ influx- and PLD2-dependent mechanism. Furthermore, the present invention shows that EGF is a novel secretagogue that lowers plasma glucose levels in normal and diabetic mice, suggesting the potential for EGF treatment in diabetes.

The invention discloses an extraction process and application of peach gum polysaccharide (PGPSD). The process includes: water extraction and alcohol precipitation, protein removal by a Sevage reagent, dialysis, passing of a column with DEAE cellulose as the filler and other steps, thus obtaining finer polysaccharide (PGPSD). The PGPSD can be dissolved in water at room temperature, and is formed by connection of arabinose, mannose and galactose through a glycosidic bond. The peach gum polysaccharide (PGPSD) prepared by the process provided by the invention can reinforce the expression of insulin related transcription factors and glucose degradation key enzyme, has no toxicity to mice, and can significantly lower the blood glucose of diabetic mice.

The invention provides a preparation method and application of total flavone and total polysaccharide in cyclocarya paliurus leaves. The method comprises the steps of taking cyclocarya paliurus leavesas raw materials, executing extraction by an ethanol-water solvent, executing extraction by an organic solvent, executing elution by a chromatographic column and by macroporous resin to obtain totalflavone, conducting extraction on cyclocarya paliurus leaf dregs by hot water, executing precipitation, removing protein, and adsorbing impurities by macroporous resin to obtain total polysaccharide.Studies show that the total triterpenes, the total flavones, the total polysaccharides and their composition prepared by the method can effectively increase glucose uptake of 3T3-L1 adipocytes, obviously reduce the fasting blood glucose level of the hereditary diabetes db / db mice, has antidiabetic activity, and can be used for preparing products such as antidiabetic medicines, health foods, functional foods and the like for reducing blood sugar. The invention develops the comprehensive preparation method of total flavones and total polysaccharides in cyclocarya paliurus leaves and applicationof the mehtod in resisting diabetes, and provides a basis and a new application direction for popularization, utilization and deep processing of traditional Chinese medicinal materials and new food raw materials.

The invention provides a dogberry medicament having alpha-glucosaminidase inhibiting activity, and the water or organic solvent extract of dogberry, wherein the dogberry extract comprises total glycosides and poly phenols constitution.

The invention provides a cyclocarya paliurus capsule and a preparation method thereof. A capsule core comprises cyclocarya paliurus total polysaccharides and cyclocarya paliurus total triterpenoids, wherein the cyclocarya paliurus total polysaccharides account for 5%-60%, and the cyclocarya paliurus total triterpenoids account for 5%-60% according to mass ratio. A property index contrast table ofa soft capsulate core proves that a capsulate core liquid obtained after optimization of formula screening and manufacture process has good fluidity and is stable without layering, and the difficulties during the preparation of a cyclocarya paliurus soft capsule are solved. A property index change table of a hard capsulate core proves that hard capsulate core particles obtained after optimizationof the formula screening and the manufacture process has good fluidity and is low in moisture absorption, and the difficulties during the preparation of a cyclocarya paliurus hard capsule are solved.Animal experiments prove that the cyclocarya paliurus capsule can remarkably reduce blood sugar of a tested diabetes small mouse.

The invention discloses an immortalized porcine pancreatic stem cell line and construction and differentiation methods thereof. In the immortalized porcine pancreatic stem cell line, porcine pancreatic stem cells are taken as host cells and are transfected with a pCI-neo-hTERT eukaryotic expression vector, and the human telomerase reverse transcriptase screened by G418 is expressed and has a transformant with multi-directional differentiation potentiality. The cell line also has higher activity after transferring for over 50 generations in vitro, keeps split proliferation, does not generate aging or apoptosis, and is an immortalized cell line. The cell line can be differentiated to form functional islet cell mass after induction, can reduce the blood glucose concentration after being transplanted into a mouse model suffering from diabetes and can maintain a normal blood glucose level within two weeks.

The invention discloses a recombinant protein of a human fibroblast growth factor 21 as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: linking a nucleotide sequence of a coding gene of the human fibroblast growth factor 21 recombinant protein with an expression vector to obtain a recombinant expression vector; transforming the recombinant expression vector into host cells, screening high-expression positive host cells, culturing the cells, inducing the cells to express the human fibroblast growth factor 21 recombinant protein, collecting thalli, breaking, and carrying out centrifuging, clarification and purification, so as to obtain the target product, namely the human fibroblast growth factor 21 recombinant protein. The invention further discloses application of the human fibroblast growth factor 21 recombinant protein in the preparation of drugs for treating metabolic diseases. Compared with a wild hFGF21 protein, the human fibroblast growth factor 21 recombinant protein (mFGF21) has the advantages that the activity is remarkably improved, and the blood glucose level in a diabetic mouse can be relatively effectively reduced.

The present invention provides methods of preventing, treating or ameliorating diabetes by administering to a subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of Dll4 antagonists that block Dll4-Notch signal pathways. As observed in a mouse model of diabetes, Dll4 antagonists exhibit protective effects on pancreatic islets, lower blood glucose levels, and block the production of auto-antibodies, including those against insulin and glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65), via the expansion of regulatory T cells (Tregs). Thus, the present invention further provides methods of lowering the levels of blood glucose, and / or reducing or blocking the production of auto-antibodies, by administering to a subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of Dll4 antagonists. Suitable Dll4 antagonists for the invention include antibodies or antibody fragments that specifically bind Dll4 and block Dll4-Notch interactions, the extracellular domain of Dll4, and the like.

The invention discloses a method for providing a new intervention target for preparation of antihyperglycemic medicines and using the irisin into development of diabetes-related medicines to prepare relatively good medicines for treating diabetes. After STZ / HFD-induced mice with diabetes are subjected to subcutaneous injection with irisin, the fasting serum glucose level is significantly reduced; the insulin sensitivity is significantly improved; by irisin, gluconeogenesis is reduced and glycogen synthesis is increased; the application proves that irisin is capable of significantly improving glucose metabolic disorder and insulin resistance in diabetes, is an effective target for treating diabetes, and can be developed as a novel antihyperglycemic medicine or medicine target; and a new way and means are provided for detection and treatment of diabetes.

The invention discloses an application of acanthopanax trifoliatus polysaccharide in preparing a medicine for treating diabetes. An experiment proves that acanthopanax trifoliatus polysaccharide can increase the weight of a micemouse with the diabetes obviously, and the recovery capability of acanthopanax trifoliatus polysaccharide on the weight approximates to that of metformin. The experiment also proves that acanthopanax trifoliatus polysaccharide has a better blood glucose decreasing effect, does not affect blood glucose of a normal mouse, and has an obvious recovery effect on the blood glucose of the mouse with the diabetes; and a treatment effect of a high dose group most approximates to that of a contrast medicine, namely the metformin. Acanthopanax trifoliatus is an all-natural plant; the medicine resistance of the traditional Chinese medicine is generally lower; acanthopanax trifoliatus plays an important role during diabetes treatment; a side effect brought by western medicines can be reduced; a stem of acanthopanax trifoliatus contains highest-content polysaccharide; and acanthopanax trifoliatus has the advantage of low cost, therefore, the development of a glucose decreasing effect of acanthopanax trifoliatus has a very high economic value.

The invention discloses a composition for efficiently assistedly decreasing blood sugar, and a preparation method and an application thereof. The composition is composed of 400 to 500 parts by weight of a cyclocarya paliurus extract, 200 to 300 parts by weight of a horseradish tree leaf ultramicro wall-broken fine powder, 120 to 240 parts by weight of a mulberry leaf extract and 80 to 160 parts by weight of a bitter gourd extract. The content of cyclocarya paliurus total flavonoids is 8-16% and the content of polysaccharides is 12 to 28%; horseradish tree leaves are subjected to low-temperature airflow crushing to obtain the ultramicro wall-broken powder; the content of total flavonoids of the mulberry leaf extract is 2% to 15%, and the content of DNJ is 1% to 2%; the content of charantin of the bitter gourd extract is 5% to 20%. Tests indicate that the composition can significantly reduce the blood sugar of diabetic mice, can significantly enhance the glucose tolerance of the diabetic mice, and has important significance for research and development of hypoglycemic drugs, health food, functional ordinary food, special medical food and special dietary food.

The invention discloses a method for chemically synthesizing a mangiferin penta-esterified derivative and a pharmacological effect of resisting inflammation and reducing blood sugar of the derivative. The chemical structural formula of the derivative is shown in the specifications. The derivative has a remarkable effect of inhibiting mouse auricle tumefaction caused by dimethylbenzene; and the derivative has a remarkable effect of treating diabetic mice induced by alloxan.

The invention discloses an aqueous extraction method of cinnamon polysaccharides. The aqueous extraction method of the cinnamon polysaccharides comprises the following steps: cinnamomum is smashed into 60 meshes, petroleum ether is added for reflux and degreasing, the solid-liquid ratio is 1:20, and extraction with hot water is performed after a solvent is volatilized; the extraction temperature is 100 DEG C, the pH value is 5, and the extraction time lasts for 2h; an extract liquid is filtered, concentrated and precipitated with absolute ethanol with the volume being eight times that of the extract liquid, suction filtration is performed, filter residues are obtained, dried and washed with absolute ethanol three times, vacuum drying is performed, and the cinnamon polysaccharides are obtained. With the yield of water-soluble polysaccharides taken as the index, the single-factor experiment and orthogonal experiment research of the extraction process of the water-soluble cinnamon polysaccharides is performed, extraction optimized technological parameters of the cinnamon polysaccharides is obtained, and scientific basis is provided for the research and development of cinnamon. The reproducibility of optimized conditions is good, and industrial production is facilitated. The cinnamon total polysaccharides extracted with the method has an effect in reducing blood glucose of mice with diabetes, and a theoretical basis is provided for further development of medicinal value of cinnamomum.

The invention belongs to the field of traditional Chinese medicine manufacturing, and relates to application of leonurine to preparation of a medicament for treating 2-type diabetes. Animal experiments prove that the fasting blood glucose of a 2-type diabetes mouse, i.e., a db / db mouse, can be lowered by the leonurine, and the tolerance of oral glucose is improved; and meanwhile, fasting plasma insulin is increased, the plasma triglyceride is reduced and the content of the plasma high-density lipoprotein is increased. Experiment results also show that the expression of liver glucose metabolic enzymes such as glucokinase, glucose-6-phosphatase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxyl enzyme is adjusted by the leonurine in an Akt dependent mode; and the biological response of an inflammatory mediator, such as generation of TNF (Tumor Necrosis Factor)-alpha, degradation of IkB-alpha and subsequent phosphorylation of NF-kBp65, is suppressed. Through the leonurine, the inflammatory state of the 2-type diabetes can be corrected, and the symptoms of the 2-type diabetes can be improved; and the leonurine can be used as a treatment medicament to be applied to the treatment of the 2-type diabetes.

The invention discloses a purpose of oleanolic acid and belongs to an application of oleanolic acid to medicine for treating obesity. The oleanolic acid is injected into the abdominal cavities of db / db mice with obesity and diabetes, the blood sugar level can be obviously reduced, the body weight increase is obviously decelerated, and the internal organ fat content is obviously reduced. The oleanolic acid is added in the primary adipocyte culture liquid, and the decomposition of triglyceride can be obviously promoted. Therefore, the oleanolic acid can be used in medicine for treating the obesity and relevant diseases caused by the obesity, and in addition, side effects of possibly existing blood circulation free fatty acid increase during the body weight reduction, or even the insulin resistance and the like of the traditional weight reducing medicine can be overcome.

The invention discloses lactobacillus reuteri and application thereof in reducing lipopolysaccharide concentration and improving insulin resistance. The in-vitro blood glucose reducing capacity of lactobacillus reuteri PZLR.10 is evaluated, the improvement effect of the lactobacillus reuteri PZLR.10 on diabetic mice is evaluated through in-vivo experiments, the blood glucose reducing mechanism ofthe lactobacillus reuteri PZLR.10 is explored, and the fact that the lactobacillus reuteri PZLR.10 is an effective strain capable of reducing the lipopolysaccharide concentration and improving the insulin resistance is confirmed. The lactobacillus reuteri PZLR.10 is a potential good choice for treating diabetes through probiotics, belongs to lactobacillus, and can be conveniently subjected to genemodification to become a probiotic complex carrying more different functional characteristics, corresponding probiotic medicine is developed, the dominant function is achieved through the powerful growth characteristic and the probiotic characteristic of the probiotics, and therefore a new direction is opened for treating diabetes.

The invention discloses a blood glucose-lowering tea, and belongs to the technical field of health tea. The preparation method of the blood glucose-lowering tea comprises the following steps: 1) removing impurities from pomegranate seeds, folium mori, rhizoma polygonati, astragalus membranaceus, rhizoma anemarrhenae, green tea, wolfberry, bitter gourd, cortex lycii radicis, finger citron and radix polygonati officinalis, cleaning, and then drying at 35-45 DEG C for later use; 2) weighing pomegranate seeds, rhizoma polygonati, astragalus membranaceus, rhizoma anemarrhenae, bitter gourd, cortex lycii radicis, finger citron and radix polygonati officinalis, putting into a pan, and continuously frying for 30-100 minutes with a slow fire; 3) putting folium mori, green tea and wolfberry into the pan after frying, and mixing evenly; and 4) sterilizing and packaging. According to the blood glucose-lowering tea, the blood glucose level of mice with diabetes can be obviously reduced, and the weight of the mice with diabetes can be obviously improved; the blood glucose-lowering tea is simple to prepare, convenient to carry, instant to make, and free of a toxic or side effect after long-term use, and has an obvious blood glucose-lowering effect and excellent health efficacy.

The invention relates to application of total saponins in unripe siraitia grosvenorii fruit extract in preparation of an assistant hypoglycemic drug. Extract containing the total saponins with the content by weight of 60%-90% is extracted from unripe siraitia grosvenorii fruit with the growing period of 30 days-80 days, one of the effective ingredients mogroside II and mogroside III in the total saponins or a mixture of the effective ingredients mogroside II and mogroside III in the total saponins inhibits the activity of alpha-glucosidase in vitro and in vivo, the fasting blood-glucose level and the postprandial blood glucose level of a type-II diabetic mouse are lowered, and the activity of the insulin resistance index is reduced; in addition, new application of the total saponins in preparation of food or the drug for assisting in treating insulin resistance and type-II diabetes mellitus is achieved.

The invention belongs to the technical field of special medicinal food production, and specifically relates to prebiotics-containing formula food for special medicinal use in diabetes and a preparation method thereof. The prebiotics-containing formula food is prepared from the following components in percentage: 15 to 40 percent of yam flour, 11 to 15 percent of whey protein, 10 to 14 percent of resistant dextrin, 8 to 12 percent of walnut powder, 8 to 12 percent of xylitol, 12 to 20 percent of composite peptide powder, 5 to 9 percent of L-arabinose, 5 to 9 percent of inulin, 4 to 8 percent ofxylooliosaccaride powder 95, 0.080 to 0.1 percent of decavitamin, 0.4 to 0.45 percent of composite minerals, 2 to 6 percent of a momordica charantia extract and 1 to 5 percent of a herba gynostemmatis extract. The prebiotics-containing formula food disclosed by the invention not only is capable of effectively reducing blood glucose, but also has the functions of increasing the anti-oxidative stress ability of diabetic mice and reducing the lipotoxicity, and the function of protecting pancreatic tissues can be achieved.

The invention discloses rubus hirsutus anthocyanin and application thereof. The rubus hirsutus anthocyanin mainly comprises cyanidin-3-O-glucoside, pelargonine 3-O-glucoside and pelargonine 3-O-rutinoside, wherein the pelargonine 3-O-glucoside is main anthocyanin. An animal experiment proves that the rubus hirsutus anthocyanin can significantly reduce fasting blood glucose of db / db diabetic mice and shows excellent hypoglycemic activity in vivo. An in-vitro experiment proves that the rubus hirsutus anthocyanin can play a hypoglycemic role by inhibiting the alpha-glucosidase activity and promoting the glucose consumption of cells. Therefore, the rubus hirsutus anthocyanin can be taken as hypoglycemic functional food or a hypoglycemic drug for the prevention and the treatment of glycometabolism disorder-related diseases. The invention provides a new idea for comprehensive development and utilization of rubus hirsutus resources in China.

We have discovered that phospholipids diundecanoyl (C11:0-C11:0) and dilauroyl (C12:0-C12:0) phosphatidylcholine (PC) act as agonists of the LRH-1 receptor. We have also shown that administration of these lipids to diabetic mice reduces blood glucose levels. On the basis of these discoveries, the present invention features compositions that include these lipids and structurally related lipids. Also featured are methods of treating metabolic disorders and inflammatory bowel disease, lowering blood glucose levels, and increasing LRH-1 receptor activity in a subject by administration of these lipids.

The invention provides a traditional Chinese medicine for curing type II diabete, which is Hubei dwarf lilyturf tuber hetetopolysaccharide extracted by taking Hubei dwarf lilyturf tuber as a raw material. The traditional Chinese medicine has obvious effects of reducing blood sugar of mice with the type II diabete, obvious effects of reducing insulin resistance and the effect strength of the traditional Chinese medicine has no statistical difference from that of rosiglitazone. Compared with the rosiglitazone, the hetetopolysaccharide can better reduce blood total cholesterol and triglycercide, improve ratio of high-density lipoprotein to low-density lipoprotein, and effectively prevent and curing arteriosclerosis and thrombosis.

The invention provides application and blood-sugar lowering effective part of trapa acornis nakano shell as well as an extraction method of the blood-sugar lowering effective part, belonging to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine. The new application of the trapa acornis nakano shell is to prepare a blood-sugar lowering medicine. The blood-sugar lowering effective part of the trapa acornis nakano shell is selected from one or any composite of petroleum ether part (TAPE), ethyl acetate part (TAEA) and n-butyl alcohol part (TABU) of the alcohol extract of trapa acornis nakano shell. The extraction method of the effective part comprises the following steps: grinding the dried trapa acornis nakano shell, carrying out digestion on the trapa acornis nakano shell powder with the aqueous solution of methyl alcohol or ethanol, and concentrating the immersion liquid to obtain extract; extracting the extract with petroleum ether, ethyl acetate or n-butyl alcohol for three times respectively; and volatilizing the dissolvent to obtain the TAPE, the TAEA or the TABU of the trapa acornis Nakai shell. Each effective part has good activity in inhibiting alpha-glucuroide. In vitro tests prove that TAEA and TABU have relatively good therapeutic effect on mice suffering from diabetic induced by mesoxyalyurea.

The invention discloses a method for studying the mechanism of gynura divaricata influencing inflammatory factors in type-II diabetic mice, and relates to diabetes research. The method comprises the following steps: adaptively feeding 50 mice for one week, then randomly dividing into a blank control group and a model group, and feeding with normal feed and high-fat and high-sugar feed; after feeding for 4 weeks, fasting and but feeding with water for 12h overnight, weighing and marking; and injecting STZ for three days, fasting and but feeding with water for 12h overnight, firstly experimenting in advance by using a glucometer and test paper, then monitoring the tail blood glucose of the mice by using a microglucometer, and determinating, wherein the fasting blood glucose being greater than or equal to 11.1mmol / L is used as a model standard for the type-II diabetes. Type-II diabetes mouse models are replicated through coordination of a high-fat diet and intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin, and influence on the inflammatory factors in the mice after intervention of the fresh gynura divaricate is evaluated, so that a clearer theory is provided for the treatment of the type-II diabetes by the gynura divaricate and further development of a Guangxi-characteristic Chinese herbal medicine.

The invention discloses a novel medicinal application of fucoidan polysaccharide sulfate. The application refers to the application of fucoidan polysaccharide sulfate in the preparation of the following products: 1), a product for preventing and / or treating diabetic retinopathy, 2), a product for inhibiting retinal new capillaries, 3), a product for inhibiting VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) protein expression of retina tissue, and 4), a product for inhibiting HIF-1 alpha (hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha)) protein expression of retina tissue. Preferably, the fucoidan polysaccharide sulfate is LMWF with the weight-average molecular weight of 3KD to 30KD. The pharmacodynamic experiment proves that the LMWF has a function in improving the retinopathy of STZ (streptozocin) induced diabetes mellitus mouse; under the function, the function of the retina capillaries is improved and the ischemia and anoxic state in retina are improved, therefore the down-regulation of expression of VEGF and HIF-1alpha are related; because the molecular weight of the LMWF is relatively small, the fucoidan polysaccharide sulfate can be adsorbed after being taken orally, the side effect is less, and therefore, the fucoidan polysaccharide sulfate has latent application significance in preventing and treating retinopathy.

The invention discloses a method for chemically synthesizing a mangiferin hepta-propyl-esterified derivative and a pharmacological effect of resisting inflammation and reducing blood sugar of the derivative. The chemical structural formula of the derivative is shown in the specifications. The derivative has a remarkable effect of inhibiting mouse auricle tumefaction caused by dimethylbenzene; and the derivative has a remarkable effect of treating diabetic mice induced by alloxan.

The invention discloses an application of trepang sulphated polysaccharide in preparation of drugs, health food or and functional food for preventing, improving or treating diabetes mellitus II. The trepang sulphated polysaccharide is one or two of trepang chondroitin sulfate and trepang fucus chitosan sulfate. The animal experiment shows that the trepang sulphated polysaccharide obviously reduces the fasting plasma glucose of diabetic mice, improves the tolerance dose of oral glucose, reduces the insulin resistance index, and obviously raises and activates the PI3K / PKB / Glut4 signal transduction pathway mediated by the insulin. The trepang sulphated polysaccharide further obviously coordinates the antidiabetic drugs thiazolidinediones, and eliminates the side effects of glucose-lowering medications at the same time. The trepang sulphated polysaccharide disclosed by the invention has good effects on reducing the blood sugar and improving the resistance of the insulin, so that the trepang sulphated polysaccharide can be applied to development of the drugs and products for preventing, improving or treating the diabetes mellitus II.

The invention provides a hypoglycemic peptide with the amino acid sequence ADWGGPLPH shown as SEQ ID NO:1 and further provides a modified peptide of the hypoglycemic peptide. Chemical groups, amino acids, polypeptides, proteins or PEG is connected to an N terminal, a C terminal or intermediate residues of the hypoglycemic peptide. Through the hypoglycemic peptide, glucose absorption of smooth muscle cells under the high-glucose condition can be promoted, the glucose tolerance of diabetic mice can be improved, the blood glucose utilization ability of the mice can be enhanced, serum total cholesterol and total triglycerides are significantly reduced, the SOD level is significantly improved, the MDA level is lowered, the oxidative injury of the livers of the diabetic mice is repaired, inflammatory factors in plasma of the diabetic mice are inhibited, and the hypoglycemic peptide can resist metabolic syndromes and can be used for preparing drugs or health care products for treating and / orpreventing diabetes or hyperlipidemia.

The invention discloses natural medicine composition for adjusting diabetes immune and metabolism functions and a preparation method of the natural medicine composition. The natural medicine composition comprises raw materials as follows: cordyceps militaris, cyclocarya paliurus leaves and ginkgo biloba extract. A pharmacology experiment proves that the level of TG (triacylglycerol), TC (total cholesterol) and LDL-C (low-density lipoprotein cholesterol) in serum of a db / db diabetic mouse can be remarkably reduced and indicates that a product researched by our company has a remarkable function of adjustment of fat metabolism and can effectively protect the liver and the kidneys. According to compatibility of medicines, immunity declining and glucolipid metabolism disorder caused by diabetes are taken as pointcut, the functions of immunity boosting and metabolic regulation of cordyceps militaris, cyclocarya paliurus and the ginkgo leaves are used for research of health-care food, and a certain scientific theoretical foundation is provided.

The invention discloses a buccal tablet applicable to being taken for type II diabetes. The buccal tablet is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 18-22 parts of island stichopus japonicas sea cucumber fucoidan chitosan sulfate, 17-19 parts of astragalus polysaccharide, 14-16 parts of rehmannia extract, 15-16 parts of tremella polysaccharide, 9-12 parts of microcrystalline cellulose, 7-9 parts of newtol, 7-9 parts of magnesium stearate, 4-5 parts of sodium citrate, and 0.3-0.5 part of peppermint essence. By adopting the buccal tablet disclosed by the invention, the fasting blood-glucose content of the mice with the type II diabetes can be obviously reduced; the tolerance dose of oral glucose is improved; C peptide and fasting insulin level in the blood are increased. Therefore, the buccal tablet has the advantages of being convenient to take, easy to store, high in bioavailability, convenient to carry, and suitable for living demands of fast-paced people.