Apparatus and method for detecting transparent substances

Abstract

A semiconductor light-emitting device which emits first light of a wavelength absorbed by a substance containing an OH group is sent toward a detection object. A semiconductor light-emitting device emits second visible light toward the detection object. A photoreceptor receives light from the detection object and acquires first and second received light-quantities derived from the respective ones of the first and second light. A processing system corrects the first photoreceiving quantity on the basis of the second photoreceiving quantity. The processing system determines the color of the detection object by the second photoreceiving quantity, and corrects the first photoreceiving quantity on the basis of this determination result. Further, it compares the corrected first photoreceiving quantity with a prescribed threshold value, detects whether or not water, which is the subject containing the OH group, is contained in the detection object, and outputs the same as an output signal.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELDThe present invention relates to a switching device utilizing photoelectric conversion used in an automation line of a factory or the like.BACKGROUND TECHNIQUEWhile various sensors are used in an automation line of a factory for process control or the like, a photoelectric switch providing a photoelectric sensor with a switching function is employed for various uses since the same has such an advantage that detection of an object can be performed in a non-contact manner.A reflection type conventional photoelectric switch is adapted to project light from a projector toward a detecting position and detect presence / absence of reflected light from the detecting position by a photoreceptor, thereby recognizing whether or not a detection object is present on the detecting position. On the other hand, a transmission type switch oppositely arranges a projector and a photoreceptor and utilizes the fact that no light reaches the photoreceptor by shading by a detection object if...

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

The present invention has been proposed in consideration of such circumstances, and a first object is to provide a photoelectric switch which can detect substances having transparency, i.e., (1) a substance containing an OH group, and (2) a substance containing a CH.sub.2 group or a CH.sub.3 group as objects and performs detection thereof in excellent accuracy, is formed by elements easy to obtain, can be structured in miniature, and has high generality.

Problems solved by technology

However, since such a conventional photoelectric switch is on condition of light reflectivity or shadingness of the object, as to a detection object which is poor in such an optical property, particularly a transparent or semitransparent liquid or solid (hereinafter "substance having transparency") its detection is difficult.

Further, while a threshold level for discriminating the photoreceiving output of the photoreceptor must be set in the vicinity of a zero level in order to forcibly detect slight reflection or shading, it comes to that switching of ON / OFF takes place only by small disturbance such as noise when doing so, and this causes wrong information.

However, a transmission waveband readily available as a filter does not necessarily coincide with the light absorption waveband of the object to be detected in this case.

Therefore, it often happens that detection sensitivity does not reach a necessary level in practice.

Further, an incandescent lamp used as the white light source has a large size, and hence an optical system for projecting this to the object also increases in size.

Therefore, the size of the projector which must contain these components increases.

Under such circumstances, a light absorption utilization type photoelectric detector employing a white light source and a filter is limited in its use, and it is difficult to employ the same for an apparatus such as a photoelectric switch which is miniature and used generically.

Further, it is difficult to obtain a complete filter transmitting light of only a noted wavelength by such a technique, and light other than the wavelength is considerably transmitted through the filter in the actual situation.

Therefore, it is difficult to project only light of a specific wavelength responsive to absorptivity of the object, and it often happens that a number of wavelengths are mixed in the detection.

Thus, influence of absorption as to other than the noted wavelength is unavoidable, and there are some cases that detection of the object becomes incorrect.

Thus, detection of a detection object which is poor in optical property with light in a non-contact manner has various problems, while there is also a problem that a larger number of other sensors must be mounted in problem order to mount one sensor.

Thus, a wide installation space is necessary for a number of photoelectric switches in the actual automation line, and much time is required for installing these many photoelectric switches in case of manufacturing the automation line itself.

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