The invention discloses a preparation method of a panaxadiol saponin and a panaxadiol type saponin monomer. The preparation method comprises the following steps: taking radix notoginseng, ginseng or American ginseng as raw materials, extracting and concentrating the raw materials through low alcohols and filtering through diatomite; then selectively absorbing panaxatriol saponin with macroporous resin with an aperture of 50-70 [mu]m, collecting effluent liquid and drying to obtain a panaxadiol saponin coarse product; dissolving the panaxadiol saponin coarse product through methanol, ethanol, methanol water or ethanol water, adding acetonitrile or ethyl acetate to precipitate, collecting a precipitate to dissolve, putting a panaxadiol saponin aqueous solution on a chromatographic resin column, firstly resolving triol impurities with an ethanol solution, and dissolving and resolving by adopting different concentrations of ethanol or methanol solutions to obtain the panaxadiol saponin or the panaxadiol type saponin monomer. The preparation method disclosed by the invention overcomes the defects of low yield, high production cost, low purity, long production period and the like in the prior art, obtains the high-purity panaxadiol saponin or the panaxadiol type saponin monomer and is simple and easy to operate, low in cost, suitable for industrial production, environment-friendly and free of pollution.