Biomass direct thermal cracking generator and cracking method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a biomass direct thermal cracking generator and a cracking method thereof. The generator comprises a thermal cracking reaction chamber used for carrying out thermal cracking reaction, and a combustion heating chamber is arranged below the thermal cracking reaction chamber; the generator also comprises a fuel gas conveying pump arranged below the combustion heating chamber, a fuel gas burn-back tube communicated with a fuel gas outlet which is positioned at the upper part of the thermal cracking reaction chamber and an air distribution and an ignition unit ; wherein, the fuel gas burn-back tube is connected to the combustion heating chamber by the fuel gas conveying pump; the air distribution and an ignition unit are communicated with the combustion heating chamber. In the invention, combustible gas generated in the cracking reaction is directly used as the heating source for biomass thermal cracking to heat the biomass in the premise of not igniting thermal decomposition materials in the generator, thus improving thermal efficiency while increasing heating contact area of materials in the thermal cracking generator, fully mixing and thermally decomposing the materials, greatly improving reaction efficiency and improving fuel gas quality while reducing pollution of hazardous gases such as CO2 and smoke dust.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a biomass pyrolysis method and equipment thereof, in particular to a biomass direct pyrolysis generator and a pyrolysis method thereof. Background technique [0002] There are two main conventional biomass gasification methods at home and abroad, one is the oxidation method, which is divided into fixed bed gasification, fluidized bed gasification and entrained bed gasification, most of which use air as the gasification agent, and tar cannot The good ones are separated and utilized. Another method adopts the anaerobic pyrolysis dry distillation process, and the biomass tar can be separated well, but it cannot be directly used as a heat source, and the gas production of this process is low. After learning from the production experience of coal tar cracking, biomass tar can also be cracked at present. The process is: the gas produced by anaerobic thermal cracking carries tar together into the cracking furnace for catalytic cracki...

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Problems solved by technology

[0004] In this tar cracking method, coal and biomass fuel heating technology and electric heating technology generally use indirect heating, its thermal efficiency is relatively low, and its energy consumption cost is relatively high, and the waste heat generated by it is not universally utilized. and promotional value

The high temperature pyrolysis gas of biomass will have some heat loss in the process of being transported to the cracking equipment

In addition, when burning coal and biomass fuel, it is necessary to configure a complex structure including a large-volume combustion chamber, and requires high transportation force, so the manufacturing cost and operating cost of the biomass pyrolysis generator are relatively high

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